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The Fibro-Inflammatory Response in the Glaucomatous Optic Nerve Head
Glaucoma is a progressive disease and the leading cause of irreversible blindness. The limited therapeutics available are only able to manage the common risk factor of glaucoma, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), indicating a great need for understanding the cellular mechanisms behind optic nerve...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10487997/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37686046 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713240 |
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author | Geiduschek, Emma K. McDowell, Colleen M. |
author_facet | Geiduschek, Emma K. McDowell, Colleen M. |
author_sort | Geiduschek, Emma K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Glaucoma is a progressive disease and the leading cause of irreversible blindness. The limited therapeutics available are only able to manage the common risk factor of glaucoma, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), indicating a great need for understanding the cellular mechanisms behind optic nerve head (ONH) damage during disease progression. Here we review the known inflammatory and fibrotic changes occurring in the ONH. In addition, we describe a novel mechanism of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGFβ2) signaling crosstalk in the cells of the ONH that contribute to glaucomatous damage. Understanding molecular signaling within and between the cells of the ONH can help identify new drug targets and therapeutics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10487997 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104879972023-09-09 The Fibro-Inflammatory Response in the Glaucomatous Optic Nerve Head Geiduschek, Emma K. McDowell, Colleen M. Int J Mol Sci Review Glaucoma is a progressive disease and the leading cause of irreversible blindness. The limited therapeutics available are only able to manage the common risk factor of glaucoma, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), indicating a great need for understanding the cellular mechanisms behind optic nerve head (ONH) damage during disease progression. Here we review the known inflammatory and fibrotic changes occurring in the ONH. In addition, we describe a novel mechanism of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGFβ2) signaling crosstalk in the cells of the ONH that contribute to glaucomatous damage. Understanding molecular signaling within and between the cells of the ONH can help identify new drug targets and therapeutics. MDPI 2023-08-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10487997/ /pubmed/37686046 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713240 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Geiduschek, Emma K. McDowell, Colleen M. The Fibro-Inflammatory Response in the Glaucomatous Optic Nerve Head |
title | The Fibro-Inflammatory Response in the Glaucomatous Optic Nerve Head |
title_full | The Fibro-Inflammatory Response in the Glaucomatous Optic Nerve Head |
title_fullStr | The Fibro-Inflammatory Response in the Glaucomatous Optic Nerve Head |
title_full_unstemmed | The Fibro-Inflammatory Response in the Glaucomatous Optic Nerve Head |
title_short | The Fibro-Inflammatory Response in the Glaucomatous Optic Nerve Head |
title_sort | fibro-inflammatory response in the glaucomatous optic nerve head |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10487997/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37686046 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713240 |
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