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A Functional Genomics Review of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Never Smokers

There is currently a dearth of information regarding lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS). Additionally, there is a difference in somatic mutations, tumour mutational burden, and chromosomal aberrations between smokers and never smokers (NS), insinuating a different disease entity in LCINS. A better...

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Autores principales: Hamouz, Mohammad, Hammouz, Raneem Y., Bajwa, Muhammad Ahmed, Alsayed, Abdelrahman Waleed, Orzechowska, Magdalena, Bednarek, Andrzej K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10488233/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37686122
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713314
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author Hamouz, Mohammad
Hammouz, Raneem Y.
Bajwa, Muhammad Ahmed
Alsayed, Abdelrahman Waleed
Orzechowska, Magdalena
Bednarek, Andrzej K.
author_facet Hamouz, Mohammad
Hammouz, Raneem Y.
Bajwa, Muhammad Ahmed
Alsayed, Abdelrahman Waleed
Orzechowska, Magdalena
Bednarek, Andrzej K.
author_sort Hamouz, Mohammad
collection PubMed
description There is currently a dearth of information regarding lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS). Additionally, there is a difference in somatic mutations, tumour mutational burden, and chromosomal aberrations between smokers and never smokers (NS), insinuating a different disease entity in LCINS. A better understanding of actionable driver alterations prevalent in LCINS and the genomic landscape will contribute to identifying new molecular targets of relevance for NS that will drastically improve outcomes. Differences in treatment outcomes between NS and smokers, as well as sexes, with NSCLC suggest unique tumour characteristics. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase mutations and echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) gene rearrangements are more common in NS and have been associated with chemotherapy resistance. Moreover, NS are less likely to benefit from immune mediators including PD-L1. Unravelling the genomic and epigenomic underpinnings of LCINS will aid in the development of not only novel targeted therapies but also more refined approaches. This review encompasses driver genes and pathways involved in the pathogenesis of LCINS and a deeper exploration of the genomic landscape and tumour microenvironment. We highlight the dire need to define the genetic and environmental aspects entailing the development of lung cancer in NS.
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spelling pubmed-104882332023-09-09 A Functional Genomics Review of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Never Smokers Hamouz, Mohammad Hammouz, Raneem Y. Bajwa, Muhammad Ahmed Alsayed, Abdelrahman Waleed Orzechowska, Magdalena Bednarek, Andrzej K. Int J Mol Sci Review There is currently a dearth of information regarding lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS). Additionally, there is a difference in somatic mutations, tumour mutational burden, and chromosomal aberrations between smokers and never smokers (NS), insinuating a different disease entity in LCINS. A better understanding of actionable driver alterations prevalent in LCINS and the genomic landscape will contribute to identifying new molecular targets of relevance for NS that will drastically improve outcomes. Differences in treatment outcomes between NS and smokers, as well as sexes, with NSCLC suggest unique tumour characteristics. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase mutations and echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) gene rearrangements are more common in NS and have been associated with chemotherapy resistance. Moreover, NS are less likely to benefit from immune mediators including PD-L1. Unravelling the genomic and epigenomic underpinnings of LCINS will aid in the development of not only novel targeted therapies but also more refined approaches. This review encompasses driver genes and pathways involved in the pathogenesis of LCINS and a deeper exploration of the genomic landscape and tumour microenvironment. We highlight the dire need to define the genetic and environmental aspects entailing the development of lung cancer in NS. MDPI 2023-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10488233/ /pubmed/37686122 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713314 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Hamouz, Mohammad
Hammouz, Raneem Y.
Bajwa, Muhammad Ahmed
Alsayed, Abdelrahman Waleed
Orzechowska, Magdalena
Bednarek, Andrzej K.
A Functional Genomics Review of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Never Smokers
title A Functional Genomics Review of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Never Smokers
title_full A Functional Genomics Review of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Never Smokers
title_fullStr A Functional Genomics Review of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Never Smokers
title_full_unstemmed A Functional Genomics Review of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Never Smokers
title_short A Functional Genomics Review of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Never Smokers
title_sort functional genomics review of non-small-cell lung cancer in never smokers
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10488233/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37686122
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713314
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