Biosynthesis, structure and biological function of cholesterol glucoside in Helicobacter pylori: A review

Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) is a common pathogen, and about 50% of the world population have been infected with it, so the infection of H pylori has been an urgent public health problem worldwide. H pylori has evolved a variety of strategies to help itself colonize, adapt to the environment and proliferate. Cholesterol glucoside (CG), a characteristic substance in H pylori, is related to the membrane stability, morphology, inflammation induction and immune evasion of H pylori. Therefore, CG may be a new target to weaken the infection effect of H pylori. The biosynthesis process, structure and biological function of CG specific to H pylori, as well as anti-CG drugs are discussed and analyzed in this review, in order to explore whether the inhibition of CG synthesis can be an effective strategy to eradicate H pylori.