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Insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding RNAs

Multicellular organisms are constantly subjected to pathogens that might be harmful. Although insects lack an adaptive immune system, they possess highly effective anti-infective mechanisms. Bacterial phagocytosis and parasite encapsulation are some forms of cellular responses. Insects often defend...

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Autores principales: Mahanta, Deepak Kumar, Bhoi, Tanmaya Kumar, Komal, J., Samal, Ipsita, Nikhil, R. M., Paschapur, Amit Umesh, Singh, Gaurav, Kumar, P. V. Dinesh, Desai, H. R., Ahmad, Mohammad Abbas, Singh, P. P., Majhi, Prasanta Kumar, Mukherjee, U., Singh, Pushpa, Saini, Varun, Shahanaz, Srinivasa, N., Yele, Yogesh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10491481/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37691928
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1169152
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author Mahanta, Deepak Kumar
Bhoi, Tanmaya Kumar
Komal, J.
Samal, Ipsita
Nikhil, R. M.
Paschapur, Amit Umesh
Singh, Gaurav
Kumar, P. V. Dinesh
Desai, H. R.
Ahmad, Mohammad Abbas
Singh, P. P.
Majhi, Prasanta Kumar
Mukherjee, U.
Singh, Pushpa
Saini, Varun
Shahanaz
Srinivasa, N.
Yele, Yogesh
author_facet Mahanta, Deepak Kumar
Bhoi, Tanmaya Kumar
Komal, J.
Samal, Ipsita
Nikhil, R. M.
Paschapur, Amit Umesh
Singh, Gaurav
Kumar, P. V. Dinesh
Desai, H. R.
Ahmad, Mohammad Abbas
Singh, P. P.
Majhi, Prasanta Kumar
Mukherjee, U.
Singh, Pushpa
Saini, Varun
Shahanaz
Srinivasa, N.
Yele, Yogesh
author_sort Mahanta, Deepak Kumar
collection PubMed
description Multicellular organisms are constantly subjected to pathogens that might be harmful. Although insects lack an adaptive immune system, they possess highly effective anti-infective mechanisms. Bacterial phagocytosis and parasite encapsulation are some forms of cellular responses. Insects often defend themselves against infections through a humoral response. This phenomenon includes the secretion of antimicrobial peptides into the hemolymph. Specific receptors for detecting infection are required for the recognition of foreign pathogens such as the proteins that recognize glucans and peptidoglycans, together referred to as PGRPs and βGRPs. Activation of these receptors leads to the stimulation of signaling pathways which further activates the genes encoding for antimicrobial peptides. Some instances of such pathways are the JAK-STAT, Imd, and Toll. The host immune response that frequently accompanies infections has, however, been circumvented by diseases, which may have assisted insects evolve their own complicated immune systems. The role of ncRNAs in insect immunology has been discussed in several notable studies and reviews. This paper examines the most recent research on the immune regulatory function of ncRNAs during insect-pathogen crosstalk, including insect- and pathogen-encoded miRNAs and lncRNAs, and provides an overview of the important insect signaling pathways and effector mechanisms activated by diverse pathogen invaders.
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spelling pubmed-104914812023-09-09 Insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding RNAs Mahanta, Deepak Kumar Bhoi, Tanmaya Kumar Komal, J. Samal, Ipsita Nikhil, R. M. Paschapur, Amit Umesh Singh, Gaurav Kumar, P. V. Dinesh Desai, H. R. Ahmad, Mohammad Abbas Singh, P. P. Majhi, Prasanta Kumar Mukherjee, U. Singh, Pushpa Saini, Varun Shahanaz Srinivasa, N. Yele, Yogesh Front Immunol Immunology Multicellular organisms are constantly subjected to pathogens that might be harmful. Although insects lack an adaptive immune system, they possess highly effective anti-infective mechanisms. Bacterial phagocytosis and parasite encapsulation are some forms of cellular responses. Insects often defend themselves against infections through a humoral response. This phenomenon includes the secretion of antimicrobial peptides into the hemolymph. Specific receptors for detecting infection are required for the recognition of foreign pathogens such as the proteins that recognize glucans and peptidoglycans, together referred to as PGRPs and βGRPs. Activation of these receptors leads to the stimulation of signaling pathways which further activates the genes encoding for antimicrobial peptides. Some instances of such pathways are the JAK-STAT, Imd, and Toll. The host immune response that frequently accompanies infections has, however, been circumvented by diseases, which may have assisted insects evolve their own complicated immune systems. The role of ncRNAs in insect immunology has been discussed in several notable studies and reviews. This paper examines the most recent research on the immune regulatory function of ncRNAs during insect-pathogen crosstalk, including insect- and pathogen-encoded miRNAs and lncRNAs, and provides an overview of the important insect signaling pathways and effector mechanisms activated by diverse pathogen invaders. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10491481/ /pubmed/37691928 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1169152 Text en Copyright © 2023 Mahanta, Bhoi, Komal, Samal, Nikhil, Paschapur, Singh, Kumar, Desai, Ahmad, Singh, Majhi, Mukherjee, Singh, Saini, Shahanaz, Srinivasa and Yele https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Mahanta, Deepak Kumar
Bhoi, Tanmaya Kumar
Komal, J.
Samal, Ipsita
Nikhil, R. M.
Paschapur, Amit Umesh
Singh, Gaurav
Kumar, P. V. Dinesh
Desai, H. R.
Ahmad, Mohammad Abbas
Singh, P. P.
Majhi, Prasanta Kumar
Mukherjee, U.
Singh, Pushpa
Saini, Varun
Shahanaz
Srinivasa, N.
Yele, Yogesh
Insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding RNAs
title Insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding RNAs
title_full Insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding RNAs
title_fullStr Insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding RNAs
title_full_unstemmed Insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding RNAs
title_short Insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding RNAs
title_sort insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding rnas
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10491481/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37691928
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1169152
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