The Incidental Discovery of an Ileal Conduit Calculus: A Case Report

In patients who have undergone radical cystectomy, urinary diversion procedures such as ileal conduits may pose a considerable problem for urologists when they result in stone formation. While an ileal conduit stone is only one of many potential complications of this procedure, its management may be particularly challenging; symptoms and treatments vary depending on factors such as stone location, composition, and the patient's BMI. We present a unique case of a 91-year-old male with a history of prostate and bladder cancer status post-radical prostatectomy, cystectomy, and ileal conduit who presented to the emergency department complaining of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and disorientation for the last 24 hours. The patient was diagnosed with a complete bowel obstruction secondary to gallstone ileus. Consequently, an exploratory laparotomy was performed, which revealed that his small bowel obstruction was not caused by gallstone ileus but rather secondary to an internal hernia and volvulus associated with a previous bowel resection and anastomosis. The stone that was originally thought to be causing the small bowel obstruction turned out to be a 3.3 cm stone in his ileal conduit, which ultimately had no part in causing the patient's small bowel obstruction. Calculus formation is an infrequent complication of ileal conduit placement. Our aim in presenting this case is to increase awareness of this rare complication that can arise without symptoms with the hopes of increasing early intervention and improving outcomes.