The effect of different kinematics on apical debris extrusion with a single-file system

To compare the amount of extruded debris caused by different motions using a single-file system. Fifty mandibular first molar teeth were randomized into 5 groups (n = 10) according to the motion tested: Optimize Torque Reverse (OTR), TF Adaptive Motion (TFA), continuous rotation (CR), reciprocation motion (+ 150°, −30°) (REC), and Jeni motion (Jeni). One Curve single file 25/06 (Micro-Mega, Besançon, France) was used in all experimental groups. The root canals were irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl, and the extruded debris were collected at pre-weighted glass vials. The glass vials were kept inside an incubator for one week at 70 °C to dry out the irrigating solution. The extruded debris was quantified by subtracting the pre-instrumentation from the post-instrumentation weight of the glass vials. The time required for each instrumentation procedure was digitally recorded. All data were analyzed statistically with one way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test (P < 0.05). All the motions extruded apically debris with Jeni mode caused significantly less debris extrusion than TFA, REC, and CR (P < 0.05) while no significant difference emerged with OTR. Preparation time was not significantly different in all groups. Within the limits of the present study, all the kinematics produced apically debris extrusion, with Jeni reporting a similar amount of debris compared with OTR and significantly less than TFA, REC, and CR. Preparation time was similar among the tested kinematics.