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A Narrative Review on the Monkeypox Virus: An Ongoing Global Outbreak Hitting the Non-Endemic Countries
Monkeypox is a rare zoonotic DNA with lineage from the Poxviridae family, Chordopoxvirinae subfamily, and Orthopoxvirus genus. With a previous history of controlled and contained occasional outbreaks of the virus, currently, a widely erupted outbreak of monkeypox with progressively rising numbers ha...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Cureus
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10493466/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37700987 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.43322 |
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author | Nisar, Hira Saleem, Omer Sapna, FNU Sham, Sunder Perkash, Raja Sandeep Kiran, Nfn Anjali, FNU Mehreen, Ansa Ram, Bebu |
author_facet | Nisar, Hira Saleem, Omer Sapna, FNU Sham, Sunder Perkash, Raja Sandeep Kiran, Nfn Anjali, FNU Mehreen, Ansa Ram, Bebu |
author_sort | Nisar, Hira |
collection | PubMed |
description | Monkeypox is a rare zoonotic DNA with lineage from the Poxviridae family, Chordopoxvirinae subfamily, and Orthopoxvirus genus. With a previous history of controlled and contained occasional outbreaks of the virus, currently, a widely erupted outbreak of monkeypox with progressively rising numbers has been reported since May 2022 in multiple countries of the western hemisphere that are not historically endemic for this infection, particularly the United Kingdom and European Union countries. We have written a comprehensive review article to help clinicians better understand the disease. The global cessation of smallpox vaccination has been hypothesized to cause the rise in monkeypox infections in recent years. Monkeypox, like any other viral infection, commences with prodromal symptoms; a maculopapular rash with centrifugal distribution usually follows. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirms the diagnosis. Transmission in humans is possible through infected animals or humans. In the ongoing 2022 outbreak, the monkeypox virus has been undergoing novel mutations at an alarming rate. Treatment options for monkeypox are an area that still requires extensive research, and the utility of certain antiviral medications in treating monkeypox infection is currently being explored but is still controversial and debatable. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10493466 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Cureus |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104934662023-09-12 A Narrative Review on the Monkeypox Virus: An Ongoing Global Outbreak Hitting the Non-Endemic Countries Nisar, Hira Saleem, Omer Sapna, FNU Sham, Sunder Perkash, Raja Sandeep Kiran, Nfn Anjali, FNU Mehreen, Ansa Ram, Bebu Cureus Allergy/Immunology Monkeypox is a rare zoonotic DNA with lineage from the Poxviridae family, Chordopoxvirinae subfamily, and Orthopoxvirus genus. With a previous history of controlled and contained occasional outbreaks of the virus, currently, a widely erupted outbreak of monkeypox with progressively rising numbers has been reported since May 2022 in multiple countries of the western hemisphere that are not historically endemic for this infection, particularly the United Kingdom and European Union countries. We have written a comprehensive review article to help clinicians better understand the disease. The global cessation of smallpox vaccination has been hypothesized to cause the rise in monkeypox infections in recent years. Monkeypox, like any other viral infection, commences with prodromal symptoms; a maculopapular rash with centrifugal distribution usually follows. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirms the diagnosis. Transmission in humans is possible through infected animals or humans. In the ongoing 2022 outbreak, the monkeypox virus has been undergoing novel mutations at an alarming rate. Treatment options for monkeypox are an area that still requires extensive research, and the utility of certain antiviral medications in treating monkeypox infection is currently being explored but is still controversial and debatable. Cureus 2023-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10493466/ /pubmed/37700987 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.43322 Text en Copyright © 2023, Nisar et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Allergy/Immunology Nisar, Hira Saleem, Omer Sapna, FNU Sham, Sunder Perkash, Raja Sandeep Kiran, Nfn Anjali, FNU Mehreen, Ansa Ram, Bebu A Narrative Review on the Monkeypox Virus: An Ongoing Global Outbreak Hitting the Non-Endemic Countries |
title | A Narrative Review on the Monkeypox Virus: An Ongoing Global Outbreak Hitting the Non-Endemic Countries |
title_full | A Narrative Review on the Monkeypox Virus: An Ongoing Global Outbreak Hitting the Non-Endemic Countries |
title_fullStr | A Narrative Review on the Monkeypox Virus: An Ongoing Global Outbreak Hitting the Non-Endemic Countries |
title_full_unstemmed | A Narrative Review on the Monkeypox Virus: An Ongoing Global Outbreak Hitting the Non-Endemic Countries |
title_short | A Narrative Review on the Monkeypox Virus: An Ongoing Global Outbreak Hitting the Non-Endemic Countries |
title_sort | narrative review on the monkeypox virus: an ongoing global outbreak hitting the non-endemic countries |
topic | Allergy/Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10493466/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37700987 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.43322 |
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