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Health concerns about possible long-term effects of legally marketed milk and dairy from animals with intramammary infections

Milk and dairy from animals with subclinical mastitis infections are marketable. Mastitis is detected with the somatic cell count (SCC). The EU regulation, among the stricter ones, limits an average of 400,000 somatic cells/ml in milk. Other countries have higher or no thresholds. This level suggest...

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Autor principal: Schadt, Iris
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10494540/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37701910
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1200924
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author Schadt, Iris
author_facet Schadt, Iris
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description Milk and dairy from animals with subclinical mastitis infections are marketable. Mastitis is detected with the somatic cell count (SCC). The EU regulation, among the stricter ones, limits an average of 400,000 somatic cells/ml in milk. Other countries have higher or no thresholds. This level suggests 40% of infected animals, and we indeed consume mastitic milk and dairy. A worldwide prevalence of dairy cattle and buffaloes with subclinical mastitis is estimated to range between 34 and 46%. The current food safety regulations account for mastitis pathogens, their toxins, and the risk of antimicrobial residues, but milk from animals with mastitis contains also compounds that derive from an immune response and inflammation process with biological function for the offspring. To the best of the current knowledge, it cannot be excluded that these compounds do not interfere with human homeostasis and that they do not contribute to redox or cytokine dysregulation that, in turn, could promote certain chronic diseases. These compounds include radicals, oxidation products, nitrosamines, and proinflammatory cytokines with nitrosamines being already recognized as probable carcinogens. Mastitis also alters the composition of caseins, plasmin, and plasminogen activators, which may be related to increased transformation into amyloid with similar characteristics as the fibrils associated with Alzheimer's disease. We should determine whether these bioactive compounds could, alone or in combination, represent any long-term risk to the consumer's health. Adapted regulations and concomitant subsidies for farmers are suggested, for sensing tools that reveal individual SCC and mastitis at milking. Frequent SCC determination is the prerequisite for any mastitis control program.
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spelling pubmed-104945402023-09-12 Health concerns about possible long-term effects of legally marketed milk and dairy from animals with intramammary infections Schadt, Iris Front Public Health Public Health Milk and dairy from animals with subclinical mastitis infections are marketable. Mastitis is detected with the somatic cell count (SCC). The EU regulation, among the stricter ones, limits an average of 400,000 somatic cells/ml in milk. Other countries have higher or no thresholds. This level suggests 40% of infected animals, and we indeed consume mastitic milk and dairy. A worldwide prevalence of dairy cattle and buffaloes with subclinical mastitis is estimated to range between 34 and 46%. The current food safety regulations account for mastitis pathogens, their toxins, and the risk of antimicrobial residues, but milk from animals with mastitis contains also compounds that derive from an immune response and inflammation process with biological function for the offspring. To the best of the current knowledge, it cannot be excluded that these compounds do not interfere with human homeostasis and that they do not contribute to redox or cytokine dysregulation that, in turn, could promote certain chronic diseases. These compounds include radicals, oxidation products, nitrosamines, and proinflammatory cytokines with nitrosamines being already recognized as probable carcinogens. Mastitis also alters the composition of caseins, plasmin, and plasminogen activators, which may be related to increased transformation into amyloid with similar characteristics as the fibrils associated with Alzheimer's disease. We should determine whether these bioactive compounds could, alone or in combination, represent any long-term risk to the consumer's health. Adapted regulations and concomitant subsidies for farmers are suggested, for sensing tools that reveal individual SCC and mastitis at milking. Frequent SCC determination is the prerequisite for any mastitis control program. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10494540/ /pubmed/37701910 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1200924 Text en Copyright © 2023 Schadt. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Public Health
Schadt, Iris
Health concerns about possible long-term effects of legally marketed milk and dairy from animals with intramammary infections
title Health concerns about possible long-term effects of legally marketed milk and dairy from animals with intramammary infections
title_full Health concerns about possible long-term effects of legally marketed milk and dairy from animals with intramammary infections
title_fullStr Health concerns about possible long-term effects of legally marketed milk and dairy from animals with intramammary infections
title_full_unstemmed Health concerns about possible long-term effects of legally marketed milk and dairy from animals with intramammary infections
title_short Health concerns about possible long-term effects of legally marketed milk and dairy from animals with intramammary infections
title_sort health concerns about possible long-term effects of legally marketed milk and dairy from animals with intramammary infections
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10494540/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37701910
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1200924
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