A case of neonatal sweet syndrome associated with mevalonate kinase deficiency

BACKGROUND: Sweet syndrome (SS), also known as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is an immunologic syndrome characterized by widespread neutrophilic infiltration. Histiocytoid Sweet syndrome (H-SS) is a histopathologic variant of SS. While SS most commonly occurs in adults, this case report discusses an infant patient who presented with H-SS. CASE PRESENTATION: Through a multidisciplinary approach, this patient was also found to have very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) and Mevalonate kinase-associated disease (MKAD). While prior case studies have characterized an association between VEO-IBD and MKAD, there is no literature describing the association of all three diagnoses this case: H-SS, VEO-IBD and MKAD. Initiation of canakinumab in this patient resulted in successful control of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to rare diagnoses, and collaboration during cases with significant diagnostic uncertainty. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12969-023-00887-8.