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Prevalence of dementia and its association with central nervous system infections among older persons in northern Uganda: cross-sectional community-based study

BACKGROUND: Dementia is a condition in which there is deterioration in cognitive function beyond what might be expected from the usual consequence of biological aging. Few studies have been conducted on the prevalence of dementia and its association with central nervous system (CNS) infections among...

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Autores principales: Benyumiza, Deo, Kumakech, Edward, Gutu, Jastine, Banihani, Jude, Mandap, Joshua, Talib, Zohray M, Wakida, Edith K, Maling, Samuel, Obua, Celestino
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10496337/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37697266
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-04174-9
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author Benyumiza, Deo
Kumakech, Edward
Gutu, Jastine
Banihani, Jude
Mandap, Joshua
Talib, Zohray M
Wakida, Edith K
Maling, Samuel
Obua, Celestino
author_facet Benyumiza, Deo
Kumakech, Edward
Gutu, Jastine
Banihani, Jude
Mandap, Joshua
Talib, Zohray M
Wakida, Edith K
Maling, Samuel
Obua, Celestino
author_sort Benyumiza, Deo
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Dementia is a condition in which there is deterioration in cognitive function beyond what might be expected from the usual consequence of biological aging. Few studies have been conducted on the prevalence of dementia and its association with central nervous system (CNS) infections among older persons in African settings, particularly in Uganda. Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence of dementia and its association with CNS infections among older persons in Lira District, northern Uganda. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional community-based study in Lira district northern Uganda. The study was conducted in March 2022 among 434 older persons aged 50 and above years who were selected by multistage sampling. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire supplemented with information from participant’s medical records and a brief community screening instrument for dementia. The instrument classifies dementia into unlikely, probable or possible dementia. Data were entered in duplicate into EpiData version 3.0, then transferred to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Our study found almost one in four (23%) of the older persons in Lira district northern Uganda were suffering from probable or possible dementia. Our study further found that older persons in Lira district northern Uganda with a positive history of central nervous system infections (CNS) had nearly five times higher odds of having probable or possible dementia compared to their counterparts (cOR: 4.5; 2.76–7.23; p ≤ 0.001). Being in advanced age of 70 + years (aOR: 2.6; 1.6–4.3; p ≤ 0.001), positive history of CNS infection particularly Herpes simplex virus-1 (aOR: 5.4; 1.4–20.5; p = 0.013), and chronic headache (aOR: 1.9; 1.1–3.1; p = 0.019) were independent predictors of probable or possible dementia among participants in this study. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Dementia is a common condition among older persons in Lira district northern Uganda with a prevalence of 23% in our study. Older persons with a positive history of CNS infection had higher odd of developing dementia compared to their counterparts. Having advanced age, cerebral malaria, Herpes simplex virus − 1 (HSV-1) infections, and chronic headache were independent predictors for dementia. These results imply that health assessment for the risk of dementia should include screening for history of CNS conditions particularly cerebral malaria, HSV-1 and chronic headache.
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spelling pubmed-104963372023-09-13 Prevalence of dementia and its association with central nervous system infections among older persons in northern Uganda: cross-sectional community-based study Benyumiza, Deo Kumakech, Edward Gutu, Jastine Banihani, Jude Mandap, Joshua Talib, Zohray M Wakida, Edith K Maling, Samuel Obua, Celestino BMC Geriatr Research BACKGROUND: Dementia is a condition in which there is deterioration in cognitive function beyond what might be expected from the usual consequence of biological aging. Few studies have been conducted on the prevalence of dementia and its association with central nervous system (CNS) infections among older persons in African settings, particularly in Uganda. Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence of dementia and its association with CNS infections among older persons in Lira District, northern Uganda. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional community-based study in Lira district northern Uganda. The study was conducted in March 2022 among 434 older persons aged 50 and above years who were selected by multistage sampling. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire supplemented with information from participant’s medical records and a brief community screening instrument for dementia. The instrument classifies dementia into unlikely, probable or possible dementia. Data were entered in duplicate into EpiData version 3.0, then transferred to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Our study found almost one in four (23%) of the older persons in Lira district northern Uganda were suffering from probable or possible dementia. Our study further found that older persons in Lira district northern Uganda with a positive history of central nervous system infections (CNS) had nearly five times higher odds of having probable or possible dementia compared to their counterparts (cOR: 4.5; 2.76–7.23; p ≤ 0.001). Being in advanced age of 70 + years (aOR: 2.6; 1.6–4.3; p ≤ 0.001), positive history of CNS infection particularly Herpes simplex virus-1 (aOR: 5.4; 1.4–20.5; p = 0.013), and chronic headache (aOR: 1.9; 1.1–3.1; p = 0.019) were independent predictors of probable or possible dementia among participants in this study. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Dementia is a common condition among older persons in Lira district northern Uganda with a prevalence of 23% in our study. Older persons with a positive history of CNS infection had higher odd of developing dementia compared to their counterparts. Having advanced age, cerebral malaria, Herpes simplex virus − 1 (HSV-1) infections, and chronic headache were independent predictors for dementia. These results imply that health assessment for the risk of dementia should include screening for history of CNS conditions particularly cerebral malaria, HSV-1 and chronic headache. BioMed Central 2023-09-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10496337/ /pubmed/37697266 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-04174-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Benyumiza, Deo
Kumakech, Edward
Gutu, Jastine
Banihani, Jude
Mandap, Joshua
Talib, Zohray M
Wakida, Edith K
Maling, Samuel
Obua, Celestino
Prevalence of dementia and its association with central nervous system infections among older persons in northern Uganda: cross-sectional community-based study
title Prevalence of dementia and its association with central nervous system infections among older persons in northern Uganda: cross-sectional community-based study
title_full Prevalence of dementia and its association with central nervous system infections among older persons in northern Uganda: cross-sectional community-based study
title_fullStr Prevalence of dementia and its association with central nervous system infections among older persons in northern Uganda: cross-sectional community-based study
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of dementia and its association with central nervous system infections among older persons in northern Uganda: cross-sectional community-based study
title_short Prevalence of dementia and its association with central nervous system infections among older persons in northern Uganda: cross-sectional community-based study
title_sort prevalence of dementia and its association with central nervous system infections among older persons in northern uganda: cross-sectional community-based study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10496337/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37697266
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-04174-9
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