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Incident autoimmune diseases in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a matched cohort study

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the risk of developing an incident autoimmune disease is increased in patients with prior COVID-19 disease compared to those without COVID-19, a large cohort study was conducted. METHOD: A cohort was selected from German routine health care data. Based on documente...

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Autores principales: Tesch, Falko, Ehm, Franz, Vivirito, Annika, Wende, Danny, Batram, Manuel, Loser, Friedrich, Menzer, Simone, Jacob, Josephine, Roessler, Martin, Seifert, Martin, Kind, Barbara, König, Christina, Schulte, Claudia, Buschmann, Tilo, Hertle, Dagmar, Ballesteros, Pedro, Baßler, Stefan, Bertele, Barbara, Bitterer, Thomas, Riederer, Cordula, Sobik, Franziska, Reitzle, Lukas, Scheidt-Nave, Christa, Schmitt, Jochen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10497688/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37335408
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-023-06670-0
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author Tesch, Falko
Ehm, Franz
Vivirito, Annika
Wende, Danny
Batram, Manuel
Loser, Friedrich
Menzer, Simone
Jacob, Josephine
Roessler, Martin
Seifert, Martin
Kind, Barbara
König, Christina
Schulte, Claudia
Buschmann, Tilo
Hertle, Dagmar
Ballesteros, Pedro
Baßler, Stefan
Bertele, Barbara
Bitterer, Thomas
Riederer, Cordula
Sobik, Franziska
Reitzle, Lukas
Scheidt-Nave, Christa
Schmitt, Jochen
author_facet Tesch, Falko
Ehm, Franz
Vivirito, Annika
Wende, Danny
Batram, Manuel
Loser, Friedrich
Menzer, Simone
Jacob, Josephine
Roessler, Martin
Seifert, Martin
Kind, Barbara
König, Christina
Schulte, Claudia
Buschmann, Tilo
Hertle, Dagmar
Ballesteros, Pedro
Baßler, Stefan
Bertele, Barbara
Bitterer, Thomas
Riederer, Cordula
Sobik, Franziska
Reitzle, Lukas
Scheidt-Nave, Christa
Schmitt, Jochen
author_sort Tesch, Falko
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the risk of developing an incident autoimmune disease is increased in patients with prior COVID-19 disease compared to those without COVID-19, a large cohort study was conducted. METHOD: A cohort was selected from German routine health care data. Based on documented diagnoses, we identified individuals with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 through December 31, 2020. Patients were matched 1:3 to control patients without COVID-19. Both groups were followed up until June 30, 2021. We used the four quarters preceding the index date until the end of follow-up to analyze the onset of autoimmune diseases during the post-acute period. Incidence rates (IR) per 1000 person-years were calculated for each outcome and patient group. Poisson models were deployed to estimate the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of developing an autoimmune disease conditional on a preceding diagnosis of COVID-19. RESULTS: In total, 641,704 patients with COVID-19 were included. Comparing the incidence rates in the COVID-19 (IR=15.05, 95% CI: 14.69–15.42) and matched control groups (IR=10.55, 95% CI: 10.25–10.86), we found a 42.63% higher likelihood of acquiring autoimmunity for patients who had suffered from COVID-19. This estimate was similar for common autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, or Sjögren syndrome. The highest IRR was observed for autoimmune diseases of the vasculitis group. Patients with a more severe course of COVID-19 were at a greater risk for incident autoimmune disease. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with an increased risk of developing new-onset autoimmune diseases after the acute phase of infection. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10067-023-06670-0.
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spelling pubmed-104976882023-09-14 Incident autoimmune diseases in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a matched cohort study Tesch, Falko Ehm, Franz Vivirito, Annika Wende, Danny Batram, Manuel Loser, Friedrich Menzer, Simone Jacob, Josephine Roessler, Martin Seifert, Martin Kind, Barbara König, Christina Schulte, Claudia Buschmann, Tilo Hertle, Dagmar Ballesteros, Pedro Baßler, Stefan Bertele, Barbara Bitterer, Thomas Riederer, Cordula Sobik, Franziska Reitzle, Lukas Scheidt-Nave, Christa Schmitt, Jochen Clin Rheumatol Original Article OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the risk of developing an incident autoimmune disease is increased in patients with prior COVID-19 disease compared to those without COVID-19, a large cohort study was conducted. METHOD: A cohort was selected from German routine health care data. Based on documented diagnoses, we identified individuals with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 through December 31, 2020. Patients were matched 1:3 to control patients without COVID-19. Both groups were followed up until June 30, 2021. We used the four quarters preceding the index date until the end of follow-up to analyze the onset of autoimmune diseases during the post-acute period. Incidence rates (IR) per 1000 person-years were calculated for each outcome and patient group. Poisson models were deployed to estimate the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of developing an autoimmune disease conditional on a preceding diagnosis of COVID-19. RESULTS: In total, 641,704 patients with COVID-19 were included. Comparing the incidence rates in the COVID-19 (IR=15.05, 95% CI: 14.69–15.42) and matched control groups (IR=10.55, 95% CI: 10.25–10.86), we found a 42.63% higher likelihood of acquiring autoimmunity for patients who had suffered from COVID-19. This estimate was similar for common autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, or Sjögren syndrome. The highest IRR was observed for autoimmune diseases of the vasculitis group. Patients with a more severe course of COVID-19 were at a greater risk for incident autoimmune disease. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with an increased risk of developing new-onset autoimmune diseases after the acute phase of infection. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10067-023-06670-0. Springer International Publishing 2023-06-19 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10497688/ /pubmed/37335408 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-023-06670-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2023, corrected publication 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Article
Tesch, Falko
Ehm, Franz
Vivirito, Annika
Wende, Danny
Batram, Manuel
Loser, Friedrich
Menzer, Simone
Jacob, Josephine
Roessler, Martin
Seifert, Martin
Kind, Barbara
König, Christina
Schulte, Claudia
Buschmann, Tilo
Hertle, Dagmar
Ballesteros, Pedro
Baßler, Stefan
Bertele, Barbara
Bitterer, Thomas
Riederer, Cordula
Sobik, Franziska
Reitzle, Lukas
Scheidt-Nave, Christa
Schmitt, Jochen
Incident autoimmune diseases in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a matched cohort study
title Incident autoimmune diseases in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a matched cohort study
title_full Incident autoimmune diseases in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a matched cohort study
title_fullStr Incident autoimmune diseases in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a matched cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Incident autoimmune diseases in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a matched cohort study
title_short Incident autoimmune diseases in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a matched cohort study
title_sort incident autoimmune diseases in association with sars-cov-2 infection: a matched cohort study
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10497688/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37335408
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-023-06670-0
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