Neurologic outcome and location of cardiac arrest in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients who underwent extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A multicentre retrospective cohort in Japan

AIM: We examined the association between the location of cardiac arrest and outcomes of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) who underwent extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of SAVE-J II, a multicentre retrospective registry with 36 participating institutions across Japan, which enrolled adult patients with OHCA who underwent ECPR. The outcomes of interest were favourable neurologic outcome at discharge. We compared the outcome between OHCA cases that occurred at residential and public locations, using a multilevel logistic regression model allowing for the random effect of each hospital. RESULTS: Among 1,744 enrolled OHCAs, 809 and 935 occurred at residential (house: 603; apartment: 206) and public (street: 260; workplace: 210; others: 465) locations, respectively. The proportion of favourable neurologic outcomes was lower in OHCAs at residential locations than those at public locations (88/781 (11.3%) vs.131/891 (14.7%); adjusted odds ratio, 0.72 [95% confidence interval, 0.53–0.99]). However, subgroup analyses for patients with EMS aged <65 years call to hospital arrival within 30 minutes or during daytime revealed less difference between residential and public locations. CONCLUSION: When cardiac arrests occurred at residential locations, lower proportions of favourable neurologic outcomes were exhibited among patients with OHCA who underwent ECPR. However, the event’s location may not affect the prognosis among appropriate and select cases when transported within a limited timeframe.