Fast ortho-to-para conversion of molecular hydrogen in chemisorption and matrix-isolation systems

Molecular hydrogen has two nuclear-spin modifications called ortho and para. Because of the symmetry restriction with respect to permutation of the two protons, the ortho and para isomers take only odd and even values of the rotational quantum number, respectively. The ortho-to-para conversion is pr...

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Autores principales: Ueta, Hirokazu, Fukutani, Katsuyuki, Yamakawa, Koichiro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Chemistry
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10497966/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37711317
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2023.1258035
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author Ueta, Hirokazu
Fukutani, Katsuyuki
Yamakawa, Koichiro
author_facet Ueta, Hirokazu
Fukutani, Katsuyuki
Yamakawa, Koichiro
author_sort Ueta, Hirokazu
collection PubMed
description Molecular hydrogen has two nuclear-spin modifications called ortho and para. Because of the symmetry restriction with respect to permutation of the two protons, the ortho and para isomers take only odd and even values of the rotational quantum number, respectively. The ortho-to-para conversion is promoted in condensed systems, to which the excess rotational energy and spin angular momentum are transferred. We review recent studies on fast ortho-to-para conversion of hydrogen in molecular chemisorption and matrix isolation systems, discussing the conversion mechanism as well as rotational-relaxation pathways.
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spelling pubmed-104979662023-09-14 Fast ortho-to-para conversion of molecular hydrogen in chemisorption and matrix-isolation systems Ueta, Hirokazu Fukutani, Katsuyuki Yamakawa, Koichiro Front Chem Chemistry Molecular hydrogen has two nuclear-spin modifications called ortho and para. Because of the symmetry restriction with respect to permutation of the two protons, the ortho and para isomers take only odd and even values of the rotational quantum number, respectively. The ortho-to-para conversion is promoted in condensed systems, to which the excess rotational energy and spin angular momentum are transferred. We review recent studies on fast ortho-to-para conversion of hydrogen in molecular chemisorption and matrix isolation systems, discussing the conversion mechanism as well as rotational-relaxation pathways. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10497966/ /pubmed/37711317 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2023.1258035 Text en Copyright © 2023 Ueta, Fukutani and Yamakawa. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Chemistry
Ueta, Hirokazu
Fukutani, Katsuyuki
Yamakawa, Koichiro
Fast ortho-to-para conversion of molecular hydrogen in chemisorption and matrix-isolation systems
title Fast ortho-to-para conversion of molecular hydrogen in chemisorption and matrix-isolation systems
title_full Fast ortho-to-para conversion of molecular hydrogen in chemisorption and matrix-isolation systems
title_fullStr Fast ortho-to-para conversion of molecular hydrogen in chemisorption and matrix-isolation systems
title_full_unstemmed Fast ortho-to-para conversion of molecular hydrogen in chemisorption and matrix-isolation systems
title_short Fast ortho-to-para conversion of molecular hydrogen in chemisorption and matrix-isolation systems
title_sort fast ortho-to-para conversion of molecular hydrogen in chemisorption and matrix-isolation systems
topic Chemistry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10497966/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37711317
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2023.1258035
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