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Risk of Criminal Justice System Interactions in Young Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Findings From a National Birth Cohort
OBJECTIVE: To examine criminal justice system (CJS) interactions and pathways through the justice system for young adults with ADHD compared to young adults without ADHD. METHOD: Nationwide 3-year birth cohort study using linked health and CJS data. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to e...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10498656/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37254493 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10870547231177469 |
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author | Anns, Francesca D’Souza, Stephanie MacCormick, Conrad Mirfin-Veitch, Brigit Clasby, Betony Hughes, Nathan Forster, Warren Tuisaula, Eden Bowden, Nicholas |
author_facet | Anns, Francesca D’Souza, Stephanie MacCormick, Conrad Mirfin-Veitch, Brigit Clasby, Betony Hughes, Nathan Forster, Warren Tuisaula, Eden Bowden, Nicholas |
author_sort | Anns, Francesca |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: To examine criminal justice system (CJS) interactions and pathways through the justice system for young adults with ADHD compared to young adults without ADHD. METHOD: Nationwide 3-year birth cohort study using linked health and CJS data. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to examine associations between ADHD and police proceedings, court charges, court convictions, and incarcerations. RESULTS: Young adults with ADHD were significantly more likely to interact with the CJS including police proceedings (hazard ratio [HR], 2.1 95% CI [2.0, 2.2]) court charges (HR, 2.2 95% CI [2.1, 2.3]), court convictions (HR, 2.3 95% CI [2.2, 2.4]), and incarceration (HR, 4.8 95% CI [4.3, 5.4]). CONCLUSIONS: Young adults with ADHD are overrepresented at all stages of the CJS. Results highlight the importance of early identification and responsivity to ADHD within the CJS and suggest that the NZ justice system may require changes to both areas to ensure that young individuals with ADHD receive equitable access to, and treatment within, the CJS. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10498656 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104986562023-09-14 Risk of Criminal Justice System Interactions in Young Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Findings From a National Birth Cohort Anns, Francesca D’Souza, Stephanie MacCormick, Conrad Mirfin-Veitch, Brigit Clasby, Betony Hughes, Nathan Forster, Warren Tuisaula, Eden Bowden, Nicholas J Atten Disord Current Perspectives OBJECTIVE: To examine criminal justice system (CJS) interactions and pathways through the justice system for young adults with ADHD compared to young adults without ADHD. METHOD: Nationwide 3-year birth cohort study using linked health and CJS data. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to examine associations between ADHD and police proceedings, court charges, court convictions, and incarcerations. RESULTS: Young adults with ADHD were significantly more likely to interact with the CJS including police proceedings (hazard ratio [HR], 2.1 95% CI [2.0, 2.2]) court charges (HR, 2.2 95% CI [2.1, 2.3]), court convictions (HR, 2.3 95% CI [2.2, 2.4]), and incarceration (HR, 4.8 95% CI [4.3, 5.4]). CONCLUSIONS: Young adults with ADHD are overrepresented at all stages of the CJS. Results highlight the importance of early identification and responsivity to ADHD within the CJS and suggest that the NZ justice system may require changes to both areas to ensure that young individuals with ADHD receive equitable access to, and treatment within, the CJS. SAGE Publications 2023-05-30 2023-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10498656/ /pubmed/37254493 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10870547231177469 Text en ©The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Current Perspectives Anns, Francesca D’Souza, Stephanie MacCormick, Conrad Mirfin-Veitch, Brigit Clasby, Betony Hughes, Nathan Forster, Warren Tuisaula, Eden Bowden, Nicholas Risk of Criminal Justice System Interactions in Young Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Findings From a National Birth Cohort |
title | Risk of Criminal Justice System Interactions in Young Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Findings From a National Birth Cohort |
title_full | Risk of Criminal Justice System Interactions in Young Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Findings From a National Birth Cohort |
title_fullStr | Risk of Criminal Justice System Interactions in Young Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Findings From a National Birth Cohort |
title_full_unstemmed | Risk of Criminal Justice System Interactions in Young Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Findings From a National Birth Cohort |
title_short | Risk of Criminal Justice System Interactions in Young Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Findings From a National Birth Cohort |
title_sort | risk of criminal justice system interactions in young adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: findings from a national birth cohort |
topic | Current Perspectives |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10498656/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37254493 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10870547231177469 |
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