Cargando…

Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections and associated factors in a Kenyan intensive care unit: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: Patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) are at risk of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) infections, especially those caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates, increasing morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. However, epidemiological surveillance data on MDR bacteria to info...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Maina, Jane Wairimu, Onyambu, Frank Gekara, Kibet, Peter Shikuku, Musyoki, Abednego Moki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10500940/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37710247
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12941-023-00636-5
_version_ 1785106023351058432
author Maina, Jane Wairimu
Onyambu, Frank Gekara
Kibet, Peter Shikuku
Musyoki, Abednego Moki
author_facet Maina, Jane Wairimu
Onyambu, Frank Gekara
Kibet, Peter Shikuku
Musyoki, Abednego Moki
author_sort Maina, Jane Wairimu
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) are at risk of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) infections, especially those caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates, increasing morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. However, epidemiological surveillance data on MDR bacteria to inform infection prevention and control (IPCs) interventions is limited in our study setting. Here we assessed the prevalence and factors associated with GNB infections in ICU- patients admitted in our study setting. METHODS: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study among patients admitted to ICU at the Nairobi West Hospital, Kenya, between January and October 2022. Altogether, we recruited 162 patients, excluding those hospitalized for less than 48 h and declining consent, and collected demographics and clinical data by case report form. Blood, wound and throat swab, ascetic tap, stool, urine, tracheal aspirate, and sputum samples were collected cultured. Isolates identity and antimicrobial susceptibility were elucidated using the BD Phoenix system. RESULTS: The prevalence of GNB infections was 55.6%, predominated by urinary tract infections (UTIs). We recovered 13 GNB types, with Escherichia coli (33.3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (31.1%) as the most common isolates. Factors associated with GNB infections were a history of antibiotic use (aOR = 4.23, p = 0.001), nasogastric tube use (NGT, aOR = 3.04, p = 0.013), respiratory tract (RT, aOR = 5.3, p = 0.005) and cardiovascular (CV, aOR = 5.7, p = 0.024) conditions. 92% of the isolates were MDR,predominantly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CONCLUSION: We report a high prevalence of MDR-GNB infections, predominated by UTI, in ICU, whereby patients with a history of antibiotic use, using the NGT, and having RT and CV conditions were at increased risk. To improve the management of ICU-admitted patients, continuous education, training, monitoring, evaluation and feedback on infection prevention and control are warranted in our study setting.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10500940
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-105009402023-09-15 Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections and associated factors in a Kenyan intensive care unit: a cross-sectional study Maina, Jane Wairimu Onyambu, Frank Gekara Kibet, Peter Shikuku Musyoki, Abednego Moki Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob Research BACKGROUND: Patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) are at risk of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) infections, especially those caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates, increasing morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. However, epidemiological surveillance data on MDR bacteria to inform infection prevention and control (IPCs) interventions is limited in our study setting. Here we assessed the prevalence and factors associated with GNB infections in ICU- patients admitted in our study setting. METHODS: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study among patients admitted to ICU at the Nairobi West Hospital, Kenya, between January and October 2022. Altogether, we recruited 162 patients, excluding those hospitalized for less than 48 h and declining consent, and collected demographics and clinical data by case report form. Blood, wound and throat swab, ascetic tap, stool, urine, tracheal aspirate, and sputum samples were collected cultured. Isolates identity and antimicrobial susceptibility were elucidated using the BD Phoenix system. RESULTS: The prevalence of GNB infections was 55.6%, predominated by urinary tract infections (UTIs). We recovered 13 GNB types, with Escherichia coli (33.3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (31.1%) as the most common isolates. Factors associated with GNB infections were a history of antibiotic use (aOR = 4.23, p = 0.001), nasogastric tube use (NGT, aOR = 3.04, p = 0.013), respiratory tract (RT, aOR = 5.3, p = 0.005) and cardiovascular (CV, aOR = 5.7, p = 0.024) conditions. 92% of the isolates were MDR,predominantly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CONCLUSION: We report a high prevalence of MDR-GNB infections, predominated by UTI, in ICU, whereby patients with a history of antibiotic use, using the NGT, and having RT and CV conditions were at increased risk. To improve the management of ICU-admitted patients, continuous education, training, monitoring, evaluation and feedback on infection prevention and control are warranted in our study setting. BioMed Central 2023-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10500940/ /pubmed/37710247 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12941-023-00636-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Maina, Jane Wairimu
Onyambu, Frank Gekara
Kibet, Peter Shikuku
Musyoki, Abednego Moki
Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections and associated factors in a Kenyan intensive care unit: a cross-sectional study
title Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections and associated factors in a Kenyan intensive care unit: a cross-sectional study
title_full Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections and associated factors in a Kenyan intensive care unit: a cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections and associated factors in a Kenyan intensive care unit: a cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections and associated factors in a Kenyan intensive care unit: a cross-sectional study
title_short Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections and associated factors in a Kenyan intensive care unit: a cross-sectional study
title_sort multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections and associated factors in a kenyan intensive care unit: a cross-sectional study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10500940/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37710247
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12941-023-00636-5
work_keys_str_mv AT mainajanewairimu multidrugresistantgramnegativebacterialinfectionsandassociatedfactorsinakenyanintensivecareunitacrosssectionalstudy
AT onyambufrankgekara multidrugresistantgramnegativebacterialinfectionsandassociatedfactorsinakenyanintensivecareunitacrosssectionalstudy
AT kibetpetershikuku multidrugresistantgramnegativebacterialinfectionsandassociatedfactorsinakenyanintensivecareunitacrosssectionalstudy
AT musyokiabednegomoki multidrugresistantgramnegativebacterialinfectionsandassociatedfactorsinakenyanintensivecareunitacrosssectionalstudy