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Cytogenetic profile of 1791 adult acute myeloid leukemia in India

BACKGROUND: Cytogenetic analysis continues to have an important role in the management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) because it is essential for prognostication. It is also necessary to diagnose specific categories of AML and to determine the most effective form of treatment. Reports from South As...

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Autores principales: Srivastava, Vivi M., Nair, Sukesh Chandran, Sappani, Marimuthu, Manipadam, Marie-Therese, Kulkarni, Uday P., Devasia, Anup J., Fouzia, N. A., Korula, Anu, Lakshmi, Kavitha M., Abraham, Aby, Srivastava, Alok
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10504794/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37716945
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13039-023-00653-1
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author Srivastava, Vivi M.
Nair, Sukesh Chandran
Sappani, Marimuthu
Manipadam, Marie-Therese
Kulkarni, Uday P.
Devasia, Anup J.
Fouzia, N. A.
Korula, Anu
Lakshmi, Kavitha M.
Abraham, Aby
Srivastava, Alok
author_facet Srivastava, Vivi M.
Nair, Sukesh Chandran
Sappani, Marimuthu
Manipadam, Marie-Therese
Kulkarni, Uday P.
Devasia, Anup J.
Fouzia, N. A.
Korula, Anu
Lakshmi, Kavitha M.
Abraham, Aby
Srivastava, Alok
author_sort Srivastava, Vivi M.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Cytogenetic analysis continues to have an important role in the management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) because it is essential for prognostication. It is also necessary to diagnose specific categories of AML and to determine the most effective form of treatment. Reports from South Asia are few because the availability of cytogenetic services is relatively limited. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of the cytogenetic findings in adults with AML seen consecutively in a single centre in India. The results were categorised according to the 2022 World Health Organisation (WHO), International Consensus Classification (ICC) and European LeukemiaNet (ELN) classifications. RESULTS: There were 1791 patients aged 18–85 years (median age 42, 1086 males). Normal karyotypes were seen in 646 (36%) patients. The 1145 (64%) abnormal karyotypes comprised 585 (32.7%) with recurrent genetic abnormalities (RGA), 403 (22.5%) with myelodysplasia-related cytogenetic abnormalities (MRC), and 157 (8.8%) with other abnormalities. There were 567 (31.7%) patients with solitary abnormalities and 299 (16.7%) with two abnormalities. Among the 279 (15.6%) patients with ≥ 3 abnormalities, 200 (11.2%) had complex karyotypes (CK) as per the WHO/ICC and 184 (10.3%), as per the ELN definition. There were 158 (8.8%) monosomal karyotypes (MK). Patients with normal karyotypes had a higher median age (45 years) than those with abnormal karyotypes (40 years, p < 0.001), and those with ≥ 3 abnormalities (43 years), than those with fewer abnormalities (39 years, p = 0.005). Patients with CK (WHO/ICC) and monosomal karyotypes had a median age of 48 years. Those with RGA had a lower median age (35 years, p < 0.001) than MRC (46 years) or other abnormalities (44 years). The t(15;17) was the most common abnormality (16.7%),followed by trisomy 8 (11.6%), monosomy 7/del 7q (9.3%), t(8;21) (7.2%), monosomy 5/del 5q (6.7%) and monosomy 17/del 17p (5.2%). CONCLUSION: Our findings confirm the lower age profile of AML in India and show similarities and differences with respect to the frequencies of individual abnormalities compared to the literature. The frequencies of the t(15;17), trisomy 8 and the high-risk abnormalities monosomy 7 and monosomy 5/del 5q were higher, and that of the inv(16), lower than in most reports. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13039-023-00653-1.
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spelling pubmed-105047942023-09-17 Cytogenetic profile of 1791 adult acute myeloid leukemia in India Srivastava, Vivi M. Nair, Sukesh Chandran Sappani, Marimuthu Manipadam, Marie-Therese Kulkarni, Uday P. Devasia, Anup J. Fouzia, N. A. Korula, Anu Lakshmi, Kavitha M. Abraham, Aby Srivastava, Alok Mol Cytogenet Research BACKGROUND: Cytogenetic analysis continues to have an important role in the management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) because it is essential for prognostication. It is also necessary to diagnose specific categories of AML and to determine the most effective form of treatment. Reports from South Asia are few because the availability of cytogenetic services is relatively limited. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of the cytogenetic findings in adults with AML seen consecutively in a single centre in India. The results were categorised according to the 2022 World Health Organisation (WHO), International Consensus Classification (ICC) and European LeukemiaNet (ELN) classifications. RESULTS: There were 1791 patients aged 18–85 years (median age 42, 1086 males). Normal karyotypes were seen in 646 (36%) patients. The 1145 (64%) abnormal karyotypes comprised 585 (32.7%) with recurrent genetic abnormalities (RGA), 403 (22.5%) with myelodysplasia-related cytogenetic abnormalities (MRC), and 157 (8.8%) with other abnormalities. There were 567 (31.7%) patients with solitary abnormalities and 299 (16.7%) with two abnormalities. Among the 279 (15.6%) patients with ≥ 3 abnormalities, 200 (11.2%) had complex karyotypes (CK) as per the WHO/ICC and 184 (10.3%), as per the ELN definition. There were 158 (8.8%) monosomal karyotypes (MK). Patients with normal karyotypes had a higher median age (45 years) than those with abnormal karyotypes (40 years, p < 0.001), and those with ≥ 3 abnormalities (43 years), than those with fewer abnormalities (39 years, p = 0.005). Patients with CK (WHO/ICC) and monosomal karyotypes had a median age of 48 years. Those with RGA had a lower median age (35 years, p < 0.001) than MRC (46 years) or other abnormalities (44 years). The t(15;17) was the most common abnormality (16.7%),followed by trisomy 8 (11.6%), monosomy 7/del 7q (9.3%), t(8;21) (7.2%), monosomy 5/del 5q (6.7%) and monosomy 17/del 17p (5.2%). CONCLUSION: Our findings confirm the lower age profile of AML in India and show similarities and differences with respect to the frequencies of individual abnormalities compared to the literature. The frequencies of the t(15;17), trisomy 8 and the high-risk abnormalities monosomy 7 and monosomy 5/del 5q were higher, and that of the inv(16), lower than in most reports. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13039-023-00653-1. BioMed Central 2023-09-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10504794/ /pubmed/37716945 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13039-023-00653-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Srivastava, Vivi M.
Nair, Sukesh Chandran
Sappani, Marimuthu
Manipadam, Marie-Therese
Kulkarni, Uday P.
Devasia, Anup J.
Fouzia, N. A.
Korula, Anu
Lakshmi, Kavitha M.
Abraham, Aby
Srivastava, Alok
Cytogenetic profile of 1791 adult acute myeloid leukemia in India
title Cytogenetic profile of 1791 adult acute myeloid leukemia in India
title_full Cytogenetic profile of 1791 adult acute myeloid leukemia in India
title_fullStr Cytogenetic profile of 1791 adult acute myeloid leukemia in India
title_full_unstemmed Cytogenetic profile of 1791 adult acute myeloid leukemia in India
title_short Cytogenetic profile of 1791 adult acute myeloid leukemia in India
title_sort cytogenetic profile of 1791 adult acute myeloid leukemia in india
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10504794/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37716945
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13039-023-00653-1
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