Association between ultra-processed food consumption and risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies

BACKGROUND: Some epidemiological studies have examined the association between consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) and the risk of breast cancer. However, the results were inconsistent. Therefore, we carried out a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to examine whether an associat...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Shu, Long, Zhang, Xiaoyan, Zhu, Qin, Lv, Xiaoling, Si, Caijuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Nutrition
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10507475/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37731393
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1250361
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Some epidemiological studies have examined the association between consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) and the risk of breast cancer. However, the results were inconsistent. Therefore, we carried out a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to examine whether an association exists between high consumption of UPF and breast cancer risk. METHODS: PubMed/MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, EBSCO and CNKI databases were systematically searched from inception to May 2023. The summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with UPF consumption and breast cancer were calculated using a random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird method). Heterogeneity between included studies was examined using the Cochran’s Q test and I-square (I(2)) statistics. Publication bias was studied by visual inspection of funnel plot asymmetry and Begg’s and Egger’s tests. RESULTS: Overall, six articles involving 462,292 participants, were eligible to be included in this study. Compared to the lowest consumption, highest consumption of UPF was related to a higher risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.10; 95%CI: 1.00–1.22, p = 0.056). Besides, the linear dose–response analysis showed that each 10% increment in UPF consumption was related to a 5% higher risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.05; 95%CI: 1.00–1.10, p = 0.048). Subgroup analyses suggested that UPF consumption was positively associated with breast cancer risk in case-control studies (RR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.01–1.26, p = 0.028). Additionally, there was also a significant positive association between UPF consumption and breast cancer risk in the subgroup with sample size<5,000(RR = 1.17; 95%CI: 1.02–1.35, p = 0.028). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that higher consumption of UPF is slightly related to a higher risk of breast cancer. Further studies in particular of large prospective cohort studies are warranted to confirm these results.

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