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Polyunsaturated fatty acid status and risk of type 1 diabetes in infants and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

INTRODUCTION: The existing findings about the association between polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status (especially long-chain n-3 PUFAs) and the risk of preclinical or clinical type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children are controversial. This review aimed to evaluate the definite association. MATERIAL A...

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Autores principales: Wang, Xingmu, Zhong, Shuping, Dong, Jingfen, Zhuge, Fuyuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Termedia Publishing House 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10507780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37732067
http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2020.101299
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author Wang, Xingmu
Zhong, Shuping
Dong, Jingfen
Zhuge, Fuyuan
author_facet Wang, Xingmu
Zhong, Shuping
Dong, Jingfen
Zhuge, Fuyuan
author_sort Wang, Xingmu
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: The existing findings about the association between polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status (especially long-chain n-3 PUFAs) and the risk of preclinical or clinical type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children are controversial. This review aimed to evaluate the definite association. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three databases were systematically viewed until July, 2019 to identify relevant articles, without language restriction. Any observational study or randomized controlled trial reporting the risk estimates of preclinical or clinical T1D for PUFA status in infants and children was enrolled. Regardless of the statistical heterogeneity assessed by the I(2) statistic, we pooled the odds ratios (ORs), relative risks (RRs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) through random-effects models. RESULTS: Five observational studies were enrolled in the meta-analysis. The status of n-3 PUFAs was negatively and significantly associated with the risk of preclinical, but not clinical, T1D (pooled RR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.73–0.99) with substantial heterogeneity (I(2) = 72.2%). However, no such association was found between n-6 PUFA status and the risk of preclinical or clinical T1D. CONCLUSIONS: The meta-analysis suggests that n-3 PUFA might play a potential protective role in the cause of preclinical T1D, and n-3 PUFA intake may be beneficial, since the n-3 PUFA status was associated with a significant decrease in the risk of preclinical T1D in children. Nevertheless, more well-designed prospective studies are necessary to determine whether dietary or supplemental intake of specific n-3 PUFA alters the risk of preclinical T1D.
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spelling pubmed-105077802023-09-20 Polyunsaturated fatty acid status and risk of type 1 diabetes in infants and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis Wang, Xingmu Zhong, Shuping Dong, Jingfen Zhuge, Fuyuan Arch Med Sci Systematic review/Meta-analysis INTRODUCTION: The existing findings about the association between polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status (especially long-chain n-3 PUFAs) and the risk of preclinical or clinical type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children are controversial. This review aimed to evaluate the definite association. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three databases were systematically viewed until July, 2019 to identify relevant articles, without language restriction. Any observational study or randomized controlled trial reporting the risk estimates of preclinical or clinical T1D for PUFA status in infants and children was enrolled. Regardless of the statistical heterogeneity assessed by the I(2) statistic, we pooled the odds ratios (ORs), relative risks (RRs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) through random-effects models. RESULTS: Five observational studies were enrolled in the meta-analysis. The status of n-3 PUFAs was negatively and significantly associated with the risk of preclinical, but not clinical, T1D (pooled RR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.73–0.99) with substantial heterogeneity (I(2) = 72.2%). However, no such association was found between n-6 PUFA status and the risk of preclinical or clinical T1D. CONCLUSIONS: The meta-analysis suggests that n-3 PUFA might play a potential protective role in the cause of preclinical T1D, and n-3 PUFA intake may be beneficial, since the n-3 PUFA status was associated with a significant decrease in the risk of preclinical T1D in children. Nevertheless, more well-designed prospective studies are necessary to determine whether dietary or supplemental intake of specific n-3 PUFA alters the risk of preclinical T1D. Termedia Publishing House 2020-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10507780/ /pubmed/37732067 http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2020.101299 Text en Copyright: © 2020 Termedia & Banach https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License, allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
spellingShingle Systematic review/Meta-analysis
Wang, Xingmu
Zhong, Shuping
Dong, Jingfen
Zhuge, Fuyuan
Polyunsaturated fatty acid status and risk of type 1 diabetes in infants and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title Polyunsaturated fatty acid status and risk of type 1 diabetes in infants and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Polyunsaturated fatty acid status and risk of type 1 diabetes in infants and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Polyunsaturated fatty acid status and risk of type 1 diabetes in infants and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Polyunsaturated fatty acid status and risk of type 1 diabetes in infants and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Polyunsaturated fatty acid status and risk of type 1 diabetes in infants and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort polyunsaturated fatty acid status and risk of type 1 diabetes in infants and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Systematic review/Meta-analysis
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10507780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37732067
http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2020.101299
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