Theoretical exploration of inherent electronic, structural, mechanical, thermoelectric, and thermophysical response of KRu(4)Z(12) (Z = As(12), Sb(12)) filled skutterudite materials

Using the density functional theory methodology, we have thoroughly examined KRu(4)As(12) and KRu(4)Sb(12) skutterudites, including their structural, electronic, mechanical, transport, and thermodynamic properties. First and foremost, using the Birch–Murnaghan equation of state, the structural stability has been calculated in terms of their total ground state and cohesive energies. With the use of the approximation approaches GGA and GGA + mBJ, the electrical structure and density of the states reveal their metallic nature. This demonstration predicts the dominant ferromagnetic spin configuration of materials by considering their electronic behavior and magnetic interactions. The ductile behavior of these alloys is also addressed by their mechanical qualities, which indicate how they might be used in engineering and industrial settings. Moreover, the semi-classical Boltzmann transport theory has been employed to examine the Seebeck coefficient as well as the electric and thermal conductivities. The general tendency of these compounds demonstrates their various potential uses as electrode materials. The quasi-harmonic Debye approximation is a method used to analyze the stability of a system under high pressures and accounts for the temperature dependency of thermodynamics. It combines the quasi-harmonic approximation, which considers the anharmonicity of vibrations, with the Debye model, which describes the vibrational modes of a solid. This approach allows for a more accurate representation of the system's behavior at different temperatures and pressures. By implementing this approximation, researchers can gain insights into the stability and thermodynamic properties of materials under extreme conditions.