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Hypothalamic volume is associated with body mass index

The hypothalamus is an important neuroendocrine hub for the control of appetite and satiety. In animal studies it has been established that hypothalamic lesioning or stimulation causes alteration to feeding behaviour and consequently body mass, and exposure to high calorie diets induces hypothalamic...

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Autores principales: Brown, Stephanie S.G., Westwater, Margaret L., Seidlitz, Jakob, Ziauddeen, Hisham, Fletcher, Paul C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10509524/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37558541
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103478
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author Brown, Stephanie S.G.
Westwater, Margaret L.
Seidlitz, Jakob
Ziauddeen, Hisham
Fletcher, Paul C.
author_facet Brown, Stephanie S.G.
Westwater, Margaret L.
Seidlitz, Jakob
Ziauddeen, Hisham
Fletcher, Paul C.
author_sort Brown, Stephanie S.G.
collection PubMed
description The hypothalamus is an important neuroendocrine hub for the control of appetite and satiety. In animal studies it has been established that hypothalamic lesioning or stimulation causes alteration to feeding behaviour and consequently body mass, and exposure to high calorie diets induces hypothalamic inflammation. These findings suggest that alterations in hypothalamic structure and function are both a cause and a consequence of changes to food intake. However, there is limited in vivo human data relating the hypothalamus to obesity or eating disorders, in part due to technical problems relating to its small size. Here, we used a novel automated segmentation algorithm to exploratorily investigate the relationship between hypothalamic volume, normalised to intracranial volume, and body mass index (BMI). The analysis was applied across four independent datasets comprising of young adults (total n = 1,351 participants) spanning a range of BMIs (13.3 – 47.8 kg/m(2)). We compared underweight (including individuals with anorexia nervosa), healthy weight, overweight and obese individuals in a series of complementary analyses. We report that overall hypothalamic volume is significantly larger in overweight and obese groups of young adults. This was also observed for a number of hypothalamic sub-regions. In the largest dataset (the HCP-Young Adult dataset (n = 1111)) there was a significant relationship between hypothalamic volume and BMI. We suggest that our findings of a positive relationship between hypothalamic volume and BMI is potentially consistent with hypothalamic inflammation as seen in animal models in response to high fat diet, although more research is needed to establish a causal relationship. Overall, we present novel, in vivo findings that link elevated BMI to altered hypothalamic structure. This has important implications for study of the neural mechanisms of obesity in humans.
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spelling pubmed-105095242023-09-21 Hypothalamic volume is associated with body mass index Brown, Stephanie S.G. Westwater, Margaret L. Seidlitz, Jakob Ziauddeen, Hisham Fletcher, Paul C. Neuroimage Clin Article The hypothalamus is an important neuroendocrine hub for the control of appetite and satiety. In animal studies it has been established that hypothalamic lesioning or stimulation causes alteration to feeding behaviour and consequently body mass, and exposure to high calorie diets induces hypothalamic inflammation. These findings suggest that alterations in hypothalamic structure and function are both a cause and a consequence of changes to food intake. However, there is limited in vivo human data relating the hypothalamus to obesity or eating disorders, in part due to technical problems relating to its small size. Here, we used a novel automated segmentation algorithm to exploratorily investigate the relationship between hypothalamic volume, normalised to intracranial volume, and body mass index (BMI). The analysis was applied across four independent datasets comprising of young adults (total n = 1,351 participants) spanning a range of BMIs (13.3 – 47.8 kg/m(2)). We compared underweight (including individuals with anorexia nervosa), healthy weight, overweight and obese individuals in a series of complementary analyses. We report that overall hypothalamic volume is significantly larger in overweight and obese groups of young adults. This was also observed for a number of hypothalamic sub-regions. In the largest dataset (the HCP-Young Adult dataset (n = 1111)) there was a significant relationship between hypothalamic volume and BMI. We suggest that our findings of a positive relationship between hypothalamic volume and BMI is potentially consistent with hypothalamic inflammation as seen in animal models in response to high fat diet, although more research is needed to establish a causal relationship. Overall, we present novel, in vivo findings that link elevated BMI to altered hypothalamic structure. This has important implications for study of the neural mechanisms of obesity in humans. Elsevier 2023-07-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10509524/ /pubmed/37558541 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103478 Text en © 2023 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Brown, Stephanie S.G.
Westwater, Margaret L.
Seidlitz, Jakob
Ziauddeen, Hisham
Fletcher, Paul C.
Hypothalamic volume is associated with body mass index
title Hypothalamic volume is associated with body mass index
title_full Hypothalamic volume is associated with body mass index
title_fullStr Hypothalamic volume is associated with body mass index
title_full_unstemmed Hypothalamic volume is associated with body mass index
title_short Hypothalamic volume is associated with body mass index
title_sort hypothalamic volume is associated with body mass index
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10509524/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37558541
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103478
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