Cargando…

Reviving product states in the disordered Heisenberg chain

When a generic quantum system is prepared in a simple initial condition, it typically equilibrates toward a state that can be described by a thermal ensemble. A known exception is localized systems that are non-ergodic and do not thermalize; however, local observables are still believed to become st...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wilming, Henrik, Osborne, Tobias J., Decker, Kevin S. C., Karrasch, Christoph
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10511451/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37730793
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41464-7
_version_ 1785108143310635008
author Wilming, Henrik
Osborne, Tobias J.
Decker, Kevin S. C.
Karrasch, Christoph
author_facet Wilming, Henrik
Osborne, Tobias J.
Decker, Kevin S. C.
Karrasch, Christoph
author_sort Wilming, Henrik
collection PubMed
description When a generic quantum system is prepared in a simple initial condition, it typically equilibrates toward a state that can be described by a thermal ensemble. A known exception is localized systems that are non-ergodic and do not thermalize; however, local observables are still believed to become stationary. Here we demonstrate that this general picture is incomplete by constructing product states that feature periodic high-fidelity revivals of the full wavefunction and local observables that oscillate indefinitely. The system neither equilibrates nor thermalizes. This is analogous to the phenomenon of weak ergodicity breaking due to many-body scars and challenges aspects of the current phenomenology of many-body localization, such as the logarithmic growth of the entanglement entropy. To support our claim, we combine analytic arguments with large-scale tensor network numerics for the disordered Heisenberg chain. Our results hold for arbitrarily long times in chains of 160 sites up to machine precision.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10511451
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Nature Publishing Group UK
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-105114512023-09-22 Reviving product states in the disordered Heisenberg chain Wilming, Henrik Osborne, Tobias J. Decker, Kevin S. C. Karrasch, Christoph Nat Commun Article When a generic quantum system is prepared in a simple initial condition, it typically equilibrates toward a state that can be described by a thermal ensemble. A known exception is localized systems that are non-ergodic and do not thermalize; however, local observables are still believed to become stationary. Here we demonstrate that this general picture is incomplete by constructing product states that feature periodic high-fidelity revivals of the full wavefunction and local observables that oscillate indefinitely. The system neither equilibrates nor thermalizes. This is analogous to the phenomenon of weak ergodicity breaking due to many-body scars and challenges aspects of the current phenomenology of many-body localization, such as the logarithmic growth of the entanglement entropy. To support our claim, we combine analytic arguments with large-scale tensor network numerics for the disordered Heisenberg chain. Our results hold for arbitrarily long times in chains of 160 sites up to machine precision. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10511451/ /pubmed/37730793 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41464-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Wilming, Henrik
Osborne, Tobias J.
Decker, Kevin S. C.
Karrasch, Christoph
Reviving product states in the disordered Heisenberg chain
title Reviving product states in the disordered Heisenberg chain
title_full Reviving product states in the disordered Heisenberg chain
title_fullStr Reviving product states in the disordered Heisenberg chain
title_full_unstemmed Reviving product states in the disordered Heisenberg chain
title_short Reviving product states in the disordered Heisenberg chain
title_sort reviving product states in the disordered heisenberg chain
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10511451/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37730793
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41464-7
work_keys_str_mv AT wilminghenrik revivingproductstatesinthedisorderedheisenbergchain
AT osbornetobiasj revivingproductstatesinthedisorderedheisenbergchain
AT deckerkevinsc revivingproductstatesinthedisorderedheisenbergchain
AT karraschchristoph revivingproductstatesinthedisorderedheisenbergchain