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A subset of viruses thrives following microbial resuscitation during rewetting of a seasonally dry California grassland soil
Viruses are abundant, ubiquitous members of soil communities that kill microbial cells, but how they respond to perturbation of soil ecosystems is essentially unknown. Here, we investigate lineage-specific virus-host dynamics in grassland soil following “wet-up”, when resident microbes are both resu...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10511743/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37730729 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40835-4 |
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author | Nicolas, Alexa M. Sieradzki, Ella T. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Banfield, Jillian F. Taga, Michiko E. Firestone, Mary K. Blazewicz, Steven J. |
author_facet | Nicolas, Alexa M. Sieradzki, Ella T. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Banfield, Jillian F. Taga, Michiko E. Firestone, Mary K. Blazewicz, Steven J. |
author_sort | Nicolas, Alexa M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Viruses are abundant, ubiquitous members of soil communities that kill microbial cells, but how they respond to perturbation of soil ecosystems is essentially unknown. Here, we investigate lineage-specific virus-host dynamics in grassland soil following “wet-up”, when resident microbes are both resuscitated and lysed after a prolonged dry period. Quantitative isotope tracing, time-resolved metagenomics and viromic analyses indicate that dry soil holds a diverse but low biomass reservoir of virions, of which only a subset thrives following wet-up. Viral richness decreases by 50% within 24 h post wet-up, while viral biomass increases four-fold within one week. Though recent hypotheses suggest lysogeny predominates in soil, our evidence indicates that viruses in lytic cycles dominate the response to wet-up. We estimate that viruses drive a measurable and continuous rate of cell lysis, with up to 46% of microbial death driven by viral lysis one week following wet-up. Thus, viruses contribute to turnover of soil microbial biomass and the widely reported CO(2) efflux following wet-up of seasonally dry soils. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10511743 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105117432023-09-22 A subset of viruses thrives following microbial resuscitation during rewetting of a seasonally dry California grassland soil Nicolas, Alexa M. Sieradzki, Ella T. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Banfield, Jillian F. Taga, Michiko E. Firestone, Mary K. Blazewicz, Steven J. Nat Commun Article Viruses are abundant, ubiquitous members of soil communities that kill microbial cells, but how they respond to perturbation of soil ecosystems is essentially unknown. Here, we investigate lineage-specific virus-host dynamics in grassland soil following “wet-up”, when resident microbes are both resuscitated and lysed after a prolonged dry period. Quantitative isotope tracing, time-resolved metagenomics and viromic analyses indicate that dry soil holds a diverse but low biomass reservoir of virions, of which only a subset thrives following wet-up. Viral richness decreases by 50% within 24 h post wet-up, while viral biomass increases four-fold within one week. Though recent hypotheses suggest lysogeny predominates in soil, our evidence indicates that viruses in lytic cycles dominate the response to wet-up. We estimate that viruses drive a measurable and continuous rate of cell lysis, with up to 46% of microbial death driven by viral lysis one week following wet-up. Thus, viruses contribute to turnover of soil microbial biomass and the widely reported CO(2) efflux following wet-up of seasonally dry soils. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10511743/ /pubmed/37730729 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40835-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Nicolas, Alexa M. Sieradzki, Ella T. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Banfield, Jillian F. Taga, Michiko E. Firestone, Mary K. Blazewicz, Steven J. A subset of viruses thrives following microbial resuscitation during rewetting of a seasonally dry California grassland soil |
title | A subset of viruses thrives following microbial resuscitation during rewetting of a seasonally dry California grassland soil |
title_full | A subset of viruses thrives following microbial resuscitation during rewetting of a seasonally dry California grassland soil |
title_fullStr | A subset of viruses thrives following microbial resuscitation during rewetting of a seasonally dry California grassland soil |
title_full_unstemmed | A subset of viruses thrives following microbial resuscitation during rewetting of a seasonally dry California grassland soil |
title_short | A subset of viruses thrives following microbial resuscitation during rewetting of a seasonally dry California grassland soil |
title_sort | subset of viruses thrives following microbial resuscitation during rewetting of a seasonally dry california grassland soil |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10511743/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37730729 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40835-4 |
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