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Diplodia tip blight pathogen’s virulence empowered through host switch
Increased drought combined with emerging pathogens poses an increased threat to forest health. This is attributable to the unpredictable behaviour of forest pathosystems, which can favour fungal pathogens over the host under persistent drought stress conditions. Diplodia sapinea (≡ Sphaeropsis sapin...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512300/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37746207 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2022.939007 |
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author | Blumenstein, Kathrin Bußkamp, Johanna Langer, Gitta Jutta Terhonen, Eeva |
author_facet | Blumenstein, Kathrin Bußkamp, Johanna Langer, Gitta Jutta Terhonen, Eeva |
author_sort | Blumenstein, Kathrin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Increased drought combined with emerging pathogens poses an increased threat to forest health. This is attributable to the unpredictable behaviour of forest pathosystems, which can favour fungal pathogens over the host under persistent drought stress conditions. Diplodia sapinea (≡ Sphaeropsis sapinea) is one of the most severe pathogens in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) causing Diplodia tip blight (conifer blight) under certain environmental conditions. Recently, the fungus has also been isolated from non-conifer hosts, indicating that it has a broader host range than previously known. In this study we compared the impact of different levels of water availability on necrosis length caused by D. sapinea strains isolated as endophytes (eight strains isolated from asymptomatic Scots pine) and pathogens (five strains isolated from symptomatic Scots pine) and five strains isolated from symptomatic non-pine hosts. For all strains the decreased water availability increased the necrosis length in Scots pine shoots. The isolates from non-pine hosts caused the most severe reactions under all water availabilities. The results of the study indicate the likelihood that effects of climatic changes such as drought will drive D. sapinea damage in Scots pine-dominated forests and increase mortality rates in affected trees. Further, the higher necrosis in the Scots pines caused by strains that had performed a host switch are concerning with regard to future scenarios thus increasing infection pressure on Scots pine from unknown sources. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10512300 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105123002023-09-22 Diplodia tip blight pathogen’s virulence empowered through host switch Blumenstein, Kathrin Bußkamp, Johanna Langer, Gitta Jutta Terhonen, Eeva Front Fungal Biol Fungal Biology Increased drought combined with emerging pathogens poses an increased threat to forest health. This is attributable to the unpredictable behaviour of forest pathosystems, which can favour fungal pathogens over the host under persistent drought stress conditions. Diplodia sapinea (≡ Sphaeropsis sapinea) is one of the most severe pathogens in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) causing Diplodia tip blight (conifer blight) under certain environmental conditions. Recently, the fungus has also been isolated from non-conifer hosts, indicating that it has a broader host range than previously known. In this study we compared the impact of different levels of water availability on necrosis length caused by D. sapinea strains isolated as endophytes (eight strains isolated from asymptomatic Scots pine) and pathogens (five strains isolated from symptomatic Scots pine) and five strains isolated from symptomatic non-pine hosts. For all strains the decreased water availability increased the necrosis length in Scots pine shoots. The isolates from non-pine hosts caused the most severe reactions under all water availabilities. The results of the study indicate the likelihood that effects of climatic changes such as drought will drive D. sapinea damage in Scots pine-dominated forests and increase mortality rates in affected trees. Further, the higher necrosis in the Scots pines caused by strains that had performed a host switch are concerning with regard to future scenarios thus increasing infection pressure on Scots pine from unknown sources. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10512300/ /pubmed/37746207 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2022.939007 Text en Copyright © 2022 Blumenstein, Bußkamp, Langer and Terhonen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Fungal Biology Blumenstein, Kathrin Bußkamp, Johanna Langer, Gitta Jutta Terhonen, Eeva Diplodia tip blight pathogen’s virulence empowered through host switch |
title | Diplodia tip blight pathogen’s virulence empowered through host switch |
title_full | Diplodia tip blight pathogen’s virulence empowered through host switch |
title_fullStr | Diplodia tip blight pathogen’s virulence empowered through host switch |
title_full_unstemmed | Diplodia tip blight pathogen’s virulence empowered through host switch |
title_short | Diplodia tip blight pathogen’s virulence empowered through host switch |
title_sort | diplodia tip blight pathogen’s virulence empowered through host switch |
topic | Fungal Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512300/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37746207 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2022.939007 |
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