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Instant Detection of Synthetic Cannabinoids on Physical Matrices, Implemented on a Low-Cost, Ultraportable Device
[Image: see text] Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) make up a class of novel psychoactive substances (NPS), used predominantly in prisons and homeless communities in the U.K. SCs can have severe side effects, including psychosis, stroke, and seizures, with numerous reported deaths associated with their u...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Chemical Society
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10515102/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37642957 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01844 |
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author | Cozier, Gyles E. Andrews, Rachael C. Frinculescu, Anca Kumar, Ranjeet May, Benedict Tooth, Tom Collins, Peter Costello, Andrew Haines, Tom S. F. Freeman, Tom P. Blagbrough, Ian S. Scott, Jennifer Shine, Trevor Sutcliffe, Oliver B. Husbands, Stephen M. Leach, Jonathan Bowman, Richard W. Pudney, Christopher R. |
author_facet | Cozier, Gyles E. Andrews, Rachael C. Frinculescu, Anca Kumar, Ranjeet May, Benedict Tooth, Tom Collins, Peter Costello, Andrew Haines, Tom S. F. Freeman, Tom P. Blagbrough, Ian S. Scott, Jennifer Shine, Trevor Sutcliffe, Oliver B. Husbands, Stephen M. Leach, Jonathan Bowman, Richard W. Pudney, Christopher R. |
author_sort | Cozier, Gyles E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | [Image: see text] Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) make up a class of novel psychoactive substances (NPS), used predominantly in prisons and homeless communities in the U.K. SCs can have severe side effects, including psychosis, stroke, and seizures, with numerous reported deaths associated with their use. The chemical diversity of SCs presents the major challenge to their detection since approaches relying on specific molecular recognition become outdated almost immediately. Ideally one would have a generic approach to detecting SCs in portable settings. The problem of SC detection is more challenging still because the majority of SCs enter the prison estate adsorbed onto physical matrices such as paper, fabric, or herb materials. That is, regardless of the detection modality used, the necessary extraction step reduces the effectiveness and ability to rapidly screen materials on-site. Herein, we demonstrate a truly instant generic test for SCs, tested against real-world drug seizures. The test is based on two advances. First, we identify a spectrally silent region in the emission spectrum of most physical matrices. Second, the finding that background signals (including from autofluorescence) can be accurately predicted is based on tracking the fraction of absorbed light from the irradiation source. Finally, we demonstrate that the intrinsic fluorescence of a large range of physical substrates can be leveraged to track the presence of other drugs of interest, including the most recent iterations of benzodiazepines and opioids. We demonstrate the implementation of our presumptive test in a portable, pocket-sized device that will find immediate utility in prisons and law enforcement agencies around the world. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10515102 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | American Chemical Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105151022023-09-23 Instant Detection of Synthetic Cannabinoids on Physical Matrices, Implemented on a Low-Cost, Ultraportable Device Cozier, Gyles E. Andrews, Rachael C. Frinculescu, Anca Kumar, Ranjeet May, Benedict Tooth, Tom Collins, Peter Costello, Andrew Haines, Tom S. F. Freeman, Tom P. Blagbrough, Ian S. Scott, Jennifer Shine, Trevor Sutcliffe, Oliver B. Husbands, Stephen M. Leach, Jonathan Bowman, Richard W. Pudney, Christopher R. Anal Chem [Image: see text] Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) make up a class of novel psychoactive substances (NPS), used predominantly in prisons and homeless communities in the U.K. SCs can have severe side effects, including psychosis, stroke, and seizures, with numerous reported deaths associated with their use. The chemical diversity of SCs presents the major challenge to their detection since approaches relying on specific molecular recognition become outdated almost immediately. Ideally one would have a generic approach to detecting SCs in portable settings. The problem of SC detection is more challenging still because the majority of SCs enter the prison estate adsorbed onto physical matrices such as paper, fabric, or herb materials. That is, regardless of the detection modality used, the necessary extraction step reduces the effectiveness and ability to rapidly screen materials on-site. Herein, we demonstrate a truly instant generic test for SCs, tested against real-world drug seizures. The test is based on two advances. First, we identify a spectrally silent region in the emission spectrum of most physical matrices. Second, the finding that background signals (including from autofluorescence) can be accurately predicted is based on tracking the fraction of absorbed light from the irradiation source. Finally, we demonstrate that the intrinsic fluorescence of a large range of physical substrates can be leveraged to track the presence of other drugs of interest, including the most recent iterations of benzodiazepines and opioids. We demonstrate the implementation of our presumptive test in a portable, pocket-sized device that will find immediate utility in prisons and law enforcement agencies around the world. American Chemical Society 2023-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10515102/ /pubmed/37642957 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01844 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Permits the broadest form of re-use including for commercial purposes, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Cozier, Gyles E. Andrews, Rachael C. Frinculescu, Anca Kumar, Ranjeet May, Benedict Tooth, Tom Collins, Peter Costello, Andrew Haines, Tom S. F. Freeman, Tom P. Blagbrough, Ian S. Scott, Jennifer Shine, Trevor Sutcliffe, Oliver B. Husbands, Stephen M. Leach, Jonathan Bowman, Richard W. Pudney, Christopher R. Instant Detection of Synthetic Cannabinoids on Physical Matrices, Implemented on a Low-Cost, Ultraportable Device |
title | Instant Detection
of Synthetic Cannabinoids on Physical
Matrices, Implemented on a Low-Cost, Ultraportable Device |
title_full | Instant Detection
of Synthetic Cannabinoids on Physical
Matrices, Implemented on a Low-Cost, Ultraportable Device |
title_fullStr | Instant Detection
of Synthetic Cannabinoids on Physical
Matrices, Implemented on a Low-Cost, Ultraportable Device |
title_full_unstemmed | Instant Detection
of Synthetic Cannabinoids on Physical
Matrices, Implemented on a Low-Cost, Ultraportable Device |
title_short | Instant Detection
of Synthetic Cannabinoids on Physical
Matrices, Implemented on a Low-Cost, Ultraportable Device |
title_sort | instant detection
of synthetic cannabinoids on physical
matrices, implemented on a low-cost, ultraportable device |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10515102/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37642957 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01844 |
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