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Diet-induced Weight Loss and Phenotypic Flexibility Among Healthy Overweight Adults: A Randomized Trial

BACKGROUND: The capacity of an individual to respond to changes in food intake so that postprandial metabolic perturbations are resolved, and metabolism returns to its pre-prandial state, is called phenotypic flexibility. This ability may be a more important indicator of current health status than m...

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Autores principales: Rundle, Milena, Fiamoncini, Jarlei, Thomas, E Louise, Wopereis, Suzan, Afman, Lydia A., Brennan, Lorraine, Drevon, Christian A., Gundersen, Thomas E., Daniel, Hannelore, Perez, Isabel Garcia, Posma, Joram M., Ivanova, Diana G., Bell, Jimmy D., van Ommen, Ben, Frost, Gary
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Nutrition 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10517213/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37661105
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.07.002
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author Rundle, Milena
Fiamoncini, Jarlei
Thomas, E Louise
Wopereis, Suzan
Afman, Lydia A.
Brennan, Lorraine
Drevon, Christian A.
Gundersen, Thomas E.
Daniel, Hannelore
Perez, Isabel Garcia
Posma, Joram M.
Ivanova, Diana G.
Bell, Jimmy D.
van Ommen, Ben
Frost, Gary
author_facet Rundle, Milena
Fiamoncini, Jarlei
Thomas, E Louise
Wopereis, Suzan
Afman, Lydia A.
Brennan, Lorraine
Drevon, Christian A.
Gundersen, Thomas E.
Daniel, Hannelore
Perez, Isabel Garcia
Posma, Joram M.
Ivanova, Diana G.
Bell, Jimmy D.
van Ommen, Ben
Frost, Gary
author_sort Rundle, Milena
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The capacity of an individual to respond to changes in food intake so that postprandial metabolic perturbations are resolved, and metabolism returns to its pre-prandial state, is called phenotypic flexibility. This ability may be a more important indicator of current health status than metabolic markers in a fasting state. AIM: In this parallel randomized controlled trial study, an energy-restricted healthy diet and 2 dietary challenges were used to assess the effect of weight loss on phenotypic flexibility. METHODS: Seventy-two volunteers with overweight and obesity underwent a 12-wk dietary intervention. The participants were randomized to a weight loss group (WLG) with 20% less energy intake or a weight-maintenance group (WMG). At weeks 1 and 12, participants were assessed for body composition by MRI. Concurrently, markers of metabolism and insulin sensitivity were obtained from the analysis of plasma metabolome during 2 different dietary challenges—an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a mixed-meal tolerance test. RESULTS: Intended weight loss was achieved in the WLG (−5.6 kg, P < 0.0001) and induced a significant reduction in total and regional adipose tissue as well as ectopic fat in the liver. Amino acid-based markers of insulin action and resistance such as leucine and glutamate were reduced in the postprandial phase of the OGTT in the WLG by 11.5% and 28%, respectively, after body weight reduction. Weight loss correlated with the magnitude of changes in metabolic responses to dietary challenges. Large interindividual variation in metabolic responses to weight loss was observed. CONCLUSION: Application of dietary challenges increased sensitivity to detect metabolic response to weight loss intervention. Large interindividual variation was observed across a wide range of measurements allowing the identification of distinct responses to the weight loss intervention and mechanistic insight into the metabolic response to weight loss.
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spelling pubmed-105172132023-09-24 Diet-induced Weight Loss and Phenotypic Flexibility Among Healthy Overweight Adults: A Randomized Trial Rundle, Milena Fiamoncini, Jarlei Thomas, E Louise Wopereis, Suzan Afman, Lydia A. Brennan, Lorraine Drevon, Christian A. Gundersen, Thomas E. Daniel, Hannelore Perez, Isabel Garcia Posma, Joram M. Ivanova, Diana G. Bell, Jimmy D. van Ommen, Ben Frost, Gary Am J Clin Nutr Original Research Article BACKGROUND: The capacity of an individual to respond to changes in food intake so that postprandial metabolic perturbations are resolved, and metabolism returns to its pre-prandial state, is called phenotypic flexibility. This ability may be a more important indicator of current health status than metabolic markers in a fasting state. AIM: In this parallel randomized controlled trial study, an energy-restricted healthy diet and 2 dietary challenges were used to assess the effect of weight loss on phenotypic flexibility. METHODS: Seventy-two volunteers with overweight and obesity underwent a 12-wk dietary intervention. The participants were randomized to a weight loss group (WLG) with 20% less energy intake or a weight-maintenance group (WMG). At weeks 1 and 12, participants were assessed for body composition by MRI. Concurrently, markers of metabolism and insulin sensitivity were obtained from the analysis of plasma metabolome during 2 different dietary challenges—an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a mixed-meal tolerance test. RESULTS: Intended weight loss was achieved in the WLG (−5.6 kg, P < 0.0001) and induced a significant reduction in total and regional adipose tissue as well as ectopic fat in the liver. Amino acid-based markers of insulin action and resistance such as leucine and glutamate were reduced in the postprandial phase of the OGTT in the WLG by 11.5% and 28%, respectively, after body weight reduction. Weight loss correlated with the magnitude of changes in metabolic responses to dietary challenges. Large interindividual variation in metabolic responses to weight loss was observed. CONCLUSION: Application of dietary challenges increased sensitivity to detect metabolic response to weight loss intervention. Large interindividual variation was observed across a wide range of measurements allowing the identification of distinct responses to the weight loss intervention and mechanistic insight into the metabolic response to weight loss. American Society for Nutrition 2023-09 2023-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10517213/ /pubmed/37661105 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.07.002 Text en © 2023 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Original Research Article
Rundle, Milena
Fiamoncini, Jarlei
Thomas, E Louise
Wopereis, Suzan
Afman, Lydia A.
Brennan, Lorraine
Drevon, Christian A.
Gundersen, Thomas E.
Daniel, Hannelore
Perez, Isabel Garcia
Posma, Joram M.
Ivanova, Diana G.
Bell, Jimmy D.
van Ommen, Ben
Frost, Gary
Diet-induced Weight Loss and Phenotypic Flexibility Among Healthy Overweight Adults: A Randomized Trial
title Diet-induced Weight Loss and Phenotypic Flexibility Among Healthy Overweight Adults: A Randomized Trial
title_full Diet-induced Weight Loss and Phenotypic Flexibility Among Healthy Overweight Adults: A Randomized Trial
title_fullStr Diet-induced Weight Loss and Phenotypic Flexibility Among Healthy Overweight Adults: A Randomized Trial
title_full_unstemmed Diet-induced Weight Loss and Phenotypic Flexibility Among Healthy Overweight Adults: A Randomized Trial
title_short Diet-induced Weight Loss and Phenotypic Flexibility Among Healthy Overweight Adults: A Randomized Trial
title_sort diet-induced weight loss and phenotypic flexibility among healthy overweight adults: a randomized trial
topic Original Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10517213/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37661105
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.07.002
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