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Suicide and Self-Harm Among Immigrant Youth to Ontario, Canada From Muslim Majority Countries: A Population-Based Study

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between Muslim religious affiliation and suicide and self-harm presentations among first- and second-generation immigrant youth. METHODS: We performed a population-based cohort study involving individuals aged 12 to 24 years, living in Ontario, who immigrated to...

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Autores principales: Saunders, Natasha, Strauss, Rachel, Swayze, Sarah, Kopp, Alex, Kurdyak, Paul, Furqan, Zainab, Malick, Arfeen, Husain, Muhammad Ishrat, Sinyor, Mark, Zaheer, Juveria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10517651/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37038714
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07067437231166840
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author Saunders, Natasha
Strauss, Rachel
Swayze, Sarah
Kopp, Alex
Kurdyak, Paul
Furqan, Zainab
Malick, Arfeen
Husain, Muhammad Ishrat
Sinyor, Mark
Zaheer, Juveria
author_facet Saunders, Natasha
Strauss, Rachel
Swayze, Sarah
Kopp, Alex
Kurdyak, Paul
Furqan, Zainab
Malick, Arfeen
Husain, Muhammad Ishrat
Sinyor, Mark
Zaheer, Juveria
author_sort Saunders, Natasha
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between Muslim religious affiliation and suicide and self-harm presentations among first- and second-generation immigrant youth. METHODS: We performed a population-based cohort study involving individuals aged 12 to 24 years, living in Ontario, who immigrated to Canada between 1 January 2003 and 31 May 2017 (first generation) and those born to immigrant mothers (second generation). Health administrative and demographic data were used to analyze suicide and self-harm presentations. Sex-stratified logistic regression models generated odds ratios (OR) for suicide and negative binomial regression models generated rate ratios (aRR) for self-harm presentations, adjusting for refugee status and time since migration. RESULTS: Of 1,070,248 immigrant youth (50.1% female), there were 129,919 (23.8%) females and 129,446 (24.2%) males from Muslim-majority countries. Males from Muslim-majority countries had lower suicide rates (3.8/100,000 person years [PY]) compared to males from Muslim-minority countries (5.9/100,000 PY) (OR: 0.62, 95% CI, 0.42–0.92). Rates of suicide between female Muslim-majority and Muslim-minority groups were not different (Muslim-majority 1.8/100,000 PY; Muslim-minority 2.2/100,000 PY) (OR: 0.82, 95% CI, 0.46–1.47). Males from Muslim-majority countries had lower rates of self-harm presentations than males from Muslim-minority (<10%) countries (Muslim majority: 12.2/10,000 PY, Muslim-minority: 14.1/10,000 PY) (aRR: 0.82, 95% CI, 0.75, 0.90). Among female immigrants, rates of self-harm presentations were not different among Muslim-majority (30.1/10,000 PY) compared to Muslim-minority (<10%) (32.9/10,000 PY) (aRR: 0.93, 95% CI, 0.87–1.00) countries. For females, older age at immigration conferred a lower risk of self-harm presentations. CONCLUSION: Being a male from a Muslim-majority country may confer protection from suicide and self-harm presentations but the same was not observed for females. Approaches to understanding the observed sex-based differences are warranted.
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spelling pubmed-105176512023-09-24 Suicide and Self-Harm Among Immigrant Youth to Ontario, Canada From Muslim Majority Countries: A Population-Based Study Saunders, Natasha Strauss, Rachel Swayze, Sarah Kopp, Alex Kurdyak, Paul Furqan, Zainab Malick, Arfeen Husain, Muhammad Ishrat Sinyor, Mark Zaheer, Juveria Can J Psychiatry Original Research OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between Muslim religious affiliation and suicide and self-harm presentations among first- and second-generation immigrant youth. METHODS: We performed a population-based cohort study involving individuals aged 12 to 24 years, living in Ontario, who immigrated to Canada between 1 January 2003 and 31 May 2017 (first generation) and those born to immigrant mothers (second generation). Health administrative and demographic data were used to analyze suicide and self-harm presentations. Sex-stratified logistic regression models generated odds ratios (OR) for suicide and negative binomial regression models generated rate ratios (aRR) for self-harm presentations, adjusting for refugee status and time since migration. RESULTS: Of 1,070,248 immigrant youth (50.1% female), there were 129,919 (23.8%) females and 129,446 (24.2%) males from Muslim-majority countries. Males from Muslim-majority countries had lower suicide rates (3.8/100,000 person years [PY]) compared to males from Muslim-minority countries (5.9/100,000 PY) (OR: 0.62, 95% CI, 0.42–0.92). Rates of suicide between female Muslim-majority and Muslim-minority groups were not different (Muslim-majority 1.8/100,000 PY; Muslim-minority 2.2/100,000 PY) (OR: 0.82, 95% CI, 0.46–1.47). Males from Muslim-majority countries had lower rates of self-harm presentations than males from Muslim-minority (<10%) countries (Muslim majority: 12.2/10,000 PY, Muslim-minority: 14.1/10,000 PY) (aRR: 0.82, 95% CI, 0.75, 0.90). Among female immigrants, rates of self-harm presentations were not different among Muslim-majority (30.1/10,000 PY) compared to Muslim-minority (<10%) (32.9/10,000 PY) (aRR: 0.93, 95% CI, 0.87–1.00) countries. For females, older age at immigration conferred a lower risk of self-harm presentations. CONCLUSION: Being a male from a Muslim-majority country may confer protection from suicide and self-harm presentations but the same was not observed for females. Approaches to understanding the observed sex-based differences are warranted. SAGE Publications 2023-04-10 2023-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10517651/ /pubmed/37038714 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07067437231166840 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Original Research
Saunders, Natasha
Strauss, Rachel
Swayze, Sarah
Kopp, Alex
Kurdyak, Paul
Furqan, Zainab
Malick, Arfeen
Husain, Muhammad Ishrat
Sinyor, Mark
Zaheer, Juveria
Suicide and Self-Harm Among Immigrant Youth to Ontario, Canada From Muslim Majority Countries: A Population-Based Study
title Suicide and Self-Harm Among Immigrant Youth to Ontario, Canada From Muslim Majority Countries: A Population-Based Study
title_full Suicide and Self-Harm Among Immigrant Youth to Ontario, Canada From Muslim Majority Countries: A Population-Based Study
title_fullStr Suicide and Self-Harm Among Immigrant Youth to Ontario, Canada From Muslim Majority Countries: A Population-Based Study
title_full_unstemmed Suicide and Self-Harm Among Immigrant Youth to Ontario, Canada From Muslim Majority Countries: A Population-Based Study
title_short Suicide and Self-Harm Among Immigrant Youth to Ontario, Canada From Muslim Majority Countries: A Population-Based Study
title_sort suicide and self-harm among immigrant youth to ontario, canada from muslim majority countries: a population-based study
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10517651/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37038714
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07067437231166840
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