Hyperemesis Gravidarum Causing Wernicke's Encephalopathy and Korsakoff's Psychosis: A Case Report

Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neuropsychiatric emergency due to thiamine deficiency. This report includes a case of a young pregnant female in her second trimester (17th weeks) complaining of hyperemesis gravidarum, who, due to excessive vomiting, developed severe vitamin B1 deficiency, leading to WE and Korsakoff's psychosis. The typical triad of confusion, ocular signs, and ataxia is fundamental for the diagnosis of WE, yet not all cases present with the entire triad; however, our patient presented with all the symptoms. Replacement of thiamine, which is a crucial vitamin that plays an important role in the integrity of the nervous system, is the first step in the management of WE.