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Ambiguous Pathogenic Roles of Macrophages in Alcohol-Associated Liver Diseases
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) represents a major public health issue worldwide and is a leading etiology of liver cirrhosis. Alcohol-related liver injuries include a range of manifestations including alcoholic hepatitis (AH), simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis an...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Dove
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10519224/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37753346 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/HMER.S326468 |
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author | Ait Ahmed, Yeni Lafdil, Fouad Tacke, Frank |
author_facet | Ait Ahmed, Yeni Lafdil, Fouad Tacke, Frank |
author_sort | Ait Ahmed, Yeni |
collection | PubMed |
description | Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) represents a major public health issue worldwide and is a leading etiology of liver cirrhosis. Alcohol-related liver injuries include a range of manifestations including alcoholic hepatitis (AH), simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. Liver disease occurs from several pathological disturbances such as the metabolism of ethanol, which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hepatocytes, alterations in the gut microbiota, and the immune response to these changes. A common hallmark of these liver affections is the establishment of an inflammatory environment, and some (broad) anti-inflammatory approaches are used to treat AH (eg, corticosteroids). Macrophages, which represent the main innate immune cells in the liver, respond to a wide variety of (pathogenic) stimuli and adopt a large spectrum of phenotypes. This translates to a diversity of functions including pathogen and debris clearance, recruitment of other immune cells, activation of fibroblasts, or tissue repair. Thus, macrophage populations play a crucial role in the course of ALD, but the underlying mechanisms driving macrophage polarization and their functionality in ALD are complex. In this review, we explore the various populations of hepatic macrophages in alcohol-associated liver disease and the underlying mechanisms driving their polarization. Additionally, we summarize the crosstalk between hepatic macrophages and other hepatic cell types in ALD, in order to support the exploration of targeted therapeutics by modulating macrophage polarization. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10519224 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Dove |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105192242023-09-26 Ambiguous Pathogenic Roles of Macrophages in Alcohol-Associated Liver Diseases Ait Ahmed, Yeni Lafdil, Fouad Tacke, Frank Hepat Med Review Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) represents a major public health issue worldwide and is a leading etiology of liver cirrhosis. Alcohol-related liver injuries include a range of manifestations including alcoholic hepatitis (AH), simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. Liver disease occurs from several pathological disturbances such as the metabolism of ethanol, which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hepatocytes, alterations in the gut microbiota, and the immune response to these changes. A common hallmark of these liver affections is the establishment of an inflammatory environment, and some (broad) anti-inflammatory approaches are used to treat AH (eg, corticosteroids). Macrophages, which represent the main innate immune cells in the liver, respond to a wide variety of (pathogenic) stimuli and adopt a large spectrum of phenotypes. This translates to a diversity of functions including pathogen and debris clearance, recruitment of other immune cells, activation of fibroblasts, or tissue repair. Thus, macrophage populations play a crucial role in the course of ALD, but the underlying mechanisms driving macrophage polarization and their functionality in ALD are complex. In this review, we explore the various populations of hepatic macrophages in alcohol-associated liver disease and the underlying mechanisms driving their polarization. Additionally, we summarize the crosstalk between hepatic macrophages and other hepatic cell types in ALD, in order to support the exploration of targeted therapeutics by modulating macrophage polarization. Dove 2023-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10519224/ /pubmed/37753346 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/HMER.S326468 Text en © 2023 Ait Ahmed et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). |
spellingShingle | Review Ait Ahmed, Yeni Lafdil, Fouad Tacke, Frank Ambiguous Pathogenic Roles of Macrophages in Alcohol-Associated Liver Diseases |
title | Ambiguous Pathogenic Roles of Macrophages in Alcohol-Associated Liver Diseases |
title_full | Ambiguous Pathogenic Roles of Macrophages in Alcohol-Associated Liver Diseases |
title_fullStr | Ambiguous Pathogenic Roles of Macrophages in Alcohol-Associated Liver Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | Ambiguous Pathogenic Roles of Macrophages in Alcohol-Associated Liver Diseases |
title_short | Ambiguous Pathogenic Roles of Macrophages in Alcohol-Associated Liver Diseases |
title_sort | ambiguous pathogenic roles of macrophages in alcohol-associated liver diseases |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10519224/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37753346 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/HMER.S326468 |
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