Efficacy of ESHAP versus ICE plus dexamethasone (DICE) as salvage chemotherapy for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy and side effects of salvage chemotherapy between etoposide, methylprednisolone, cytarabine and cisplatin (ESHAP) and ifosfamide, carboplatin and etoposide plus dexamethasone (DICE) for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). METHODS: Medical records of patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL receiving second-line ESHAP or DICE chemotherapy with or without rituximab from January 2007 to November 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The primary objective was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary objectives were overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR) and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: Seventy patients were enrolled including 21 patients who received ESHAP and 49 patients who received the DICE regimen. Six patients (28.6%) and 19 patients (38.8%) in the ESHAP and DICE groups underwent ASCT, respectively. The ORR was 47.6% for ESHAP and 53.1% for DICE (p = .67). The two-year PFS was 14.3% for ESHAP and 26.5% for DICE (p = .33) with median PFS of 5 months and 14 months, respectively (hazard ratio 0.74; 95% CI 0.39–1.36, p = .330). The two-year OS was 14.3% for ESHAP and 26.5% for DICE (p = .37) with median OS of 8 months and 19 months, respectively. Patients in ESHAP group have more all-grade renal impairment than DICE group (23.8% vs. 6.1%, p = .047). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Efficacy between ESHAP and DICE regimens as salvage chemotherapy for relapsed or refractory DLBCL was not significantly different in terms of two-year PFS, two-year OS and ORR. DICE regimen had less renal AE than ESHAP.