Cargando…

Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Women Attending an Antenatal Care Clinic in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious health issue for both mother and child. As GDM is common worldwide, healthcare providers pay attention while screening and managing pregnant women to ensure good outcomes for both mother and child. Objective: This study aims to identify th...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Alduayji, Maha M, Selim, Mohie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10521585/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37767263
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44200
_version_ 1785110161476550656
author Alduayji, Maha M
Selim, Mohie
author_facet Alduayji, Maha M
Selim, Mohie
author_sort Alduayji, Maha M
collection PubMed
description Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious health issue for both mother and child. As GDM is common worldwide, healthcare providers pay attention while screening and managing pregnant women to ensure good outcomes for both mother and child. Objective: This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with developing GDM in pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is a case-control study that utilized patients' medical records for data collection. The study included 317 pregnant Saudi women who attended antenatal care clinics and antenatal diabetic clinics in PSMMC from May 2022 to May 2023. Cases were defined as women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and had a positive oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) result, while controls were defined as women in the same age group and gravidity who had negative OGTT. Analysis was conducted using SPSS Statistics version 29.0 (IBM Corp. Released 2021. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 29.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) Results: The total number of cases was 132 out of 313 total samples, representing 42.2% of the total sample. Three factors were associated with an increased risk of developing GDM, including a family history of diabetes (p-value <0.001), a history of GDM (p-value <0.001), and macrosomia (p-value = 0.020). The study also found higher BMI and advanced maternal age were risk factors for GDM (p-value = 0.004, 0.007), respectively. However, the study did not find a significant association between GDM and other factors, such as chronic disease prevalence, history of miscarriage, or history of fetal death. Conclusion: The study identified several risk factors associated with an increased risk of GDM including family history of diabetes, history of GDM, macrosomia, overweight/obesity, and advanced maternal age. It is recommended that antenatal care providers screen for GDM risk factors and closely monitor overweight, obese, or older women. Education and counseling on healthy lifestyle habits, such as maintaining a healthy weight and engaging in physical activity, may also be beneficial for preventing GDM. Further research is needed to confirm and identify additional risk factors for GDM.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10521585
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Cureus
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-105215852023-09-27 Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Women Attending an Antenatal Care Clinic in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study Alduayji, Maha M Selim, Mohie Cureus Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious health issue for both mother and child. As GDM is common worldwide, healthcare providers pay attention while screening and managing pregnant women to ensure good outcomes for both mother and child. Objective: This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with developing GDM in pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is a case-control study that utilized patients' medical records for data collection. The study included 317 pregnant Saudi women who attended antenatal care clinics and antenatal diabetic clinics in PSMMC from May 2022 to May 2023. Cases were defined as women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and had a positive oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) result, while controls were defined as women in the same age group and gravidity who had negative OGTT. Analysis was conducted using SPSS Statistics version 29.0 (IBM Corp. Released 2021. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 29.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) Results: The total number of cases was 132 out of 313 total samples, representing 42.2% of the total sample. Three factors were associated with an increased risk of developing GDM, including a family history of diabetes (p-value <0.001), a history of GDM (p-value <0.001), and macrosomia (p-value = 0.020). The study also found higher BMI and advanced maternal age were risk factors for GDM (p-value = 0.004, 0.007), respectively. However, the study did not find a significant association between GDM and other factors, such as chronic disease prevalence, history of miscarriage, or history of fetal death. Conclusion: The study identified several risk factors associated with an increased risk of GDM including family history of diabetes, history of GDM, macrosomia, overweight/obesity, and advanced maternal age. It is recommended that antenatal care providers screen for GDM risk factors and closely monitor overweight, obese, or older women. Education and counseling on healthy lifestyle habits, such as maintaining a healthy weight and engaging in physical activity, may also be beneficial for preventing GDM. Further research is needed to confirm and identify additional risk factors for GDM. Cureus 2023-08-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10521585/ /pubmed/37767263 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44200 Text en Copyright © 2023, Alduayji et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism
Alduayji, Maha M
Selim, Mohie
Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Women Attending an Antenatal Care Clinic in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study
title Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Women Attending an Antenatal Care Clinic in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study
title_full Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Women Attending an Antenatal Care Clinic in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study
title_fullStr Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Women Attending an Antenatal Care Clinic in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study
title_full_unstemmed Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Women Attending an Antenatal Care Clinic in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study
title_short Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Women Attending an Antenatal Care Clinic in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study
title_sort risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus among women attending an antenatal care clinic in prince sultan military medical city (psmmc), riyadh, kingdom of saudi arabia: a case-control study
topic Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10521585/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37767263
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44200
work_keys_str_mv AT alduayjimaham riskfactorsofgestationaldiabetesmellitusamongwomenattendinganantenatalcareclinicinprincesultanmilitarymedicalcitypsmmcriyadhkingdomofsaudiarabiaacasecontrolstudy
AT selimmohie riskfactorsofgestationaldiabetesmellitusamongwomenattendinganantenatalcareclinicinprincesultanmilitarymedicalcitypsmmcriyadhkingdomofsaudiarabiaacasecontrolstudy