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Non-invasive investigation of the morphology and optical properties of the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea with optical coherence tomography

The jellyfish Cassiopea largely cover their carbon demand via photosynthates produced by microalgal endosymbionts, but how holobiont morphology and tissue optical properties affect the light microclimate and symbiont photosynthesis in Cassiopea remain unexplored. Here, we use optical coherence tomog...

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Autores principales: Lyndby, Niclas Heidelberg, Murthy, Swathi, Bessette, Sandrine, Jakobsen, Sofie Lindegaard, Meibom, Anders, Kühl, Michael
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10523073/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37752841
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0127
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author Lyndby, Niclas Heidelberg
Murthy, Swathi
Bessette, Sandrine
Jakobsen, Sofie Lindegaard
Meibom, Anders
Kühl, Michael
author_facet Lyndby, Niclas Heidelberg
Murthy, Swathi
Bessette, Sandrine
Jakobsen, Sofie Lindegaard
Meibom, Anders
Kühl, Michael
author_sort Lyndby, Niclas Heidelberg
collection PubMed
description The jellyfish Cassiopea largely cover their carbon demand via photosynthates produced by microalgal endosymbionts, but how holobiont morphology and tissue optical properties affect the light microclimate and symbiont photosynthesis in Cassiopea remain unexplored. Here, we use optical coherence tomography (OCT) to study the morphology of Cassiopea medusae at high spatial resolution. We include detailed 3D reconstructions of external micromorphology, and show the spatial distribution of endosymbionts and white granules in the bell tissue. Furthermore, we use OCT data to extract inherent optical properties from light-scattering white granules in Cassiopea, and show that granules enhance local light-availability for symbionts in close proximity. Individual granules had a scattering coefficient of µ(s) = 200–300 cm(−1), and scattering anisotropy factor of g = 0.7, while large tissue-regions filled with white granules had a lower µ(s) = 40–100 cm(−1), and g = 0.8–0.9. We combined OCT information with isotopic labelling experiments to investigate the effect of enhanced light-availability in whitish tissue regions. Endosymbionts located in whitish tissue exhibited significantly higher carbon fixation compared to symbionts in anastomosing tissue (i.e. tissue without light-scattering white granules). Our findings support previous suggestions that white granules in Cassiopea play an important role in the host modulation of the light-microenvironment.
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spelling pubmed-105230732023-09-28 Non-invasive investigation of the morphology and optical properties of the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea with optical coherence tomography Lyndby, Niclas Heidelberg Murthy, Swathi Bessette, Sandrine Jakobsen, Sofie Lindegaard Meibom, Anders Kühl, Michael Proc Biol Sci Biological Applications The jellyfish Cassiopea largely cover their carbon demand via photosynthates produced by microalgal endosymbionts, but how holobiont morphology and tissue optical properties affect the light microclimate and symbiont photosynthesis in Cassiopea remain unexplored. Here, we use optical coherence tomography (OCT) to study the morphology of Cassiopea medusae at high spatial resolution. We include detailed 3D reconstructions of external micromorphology, and show the spatial distribution of endosymbionts and white granules in the bell tissue. Furthermore, we use OCT data to extract inherent optical properties from light-scattering white granules in Cassiopea, and show that granules enhance local light-availability for symbionts in close proximity. Individual granules had a scattering coefficient of µ(s) = 200–300 cm(−1), and scattering anisotropy factor of g = 0.7, while large tissue-regions filled with white granules had a lower µ(s) = 40–100 cm(−1), and g = 0.8–0.9. We combined OCT information with isotopic labelling experiments to investigate the effect of enhanced light-availability in whitish tissue regions. Endosymbionts located in whitish tissue exhibited significantly higher carbon fixation compared to symbionts in anastomosing tissue (i.e. tissue without light-scattering white granules). Our findings support previous suggestions that white granules in Cassiopea play an important role in the host modulation of the light-microenvironment. The Royal Society 2023-09-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10523073/ /pubmed/37752841 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0127 Text en © 2023 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Biological Applications
Lyndby, Niclas Heidelberg
Murthy, Swathi
Bessette, Sandrine
Jakobsen, Sofie Lindegaard
Meibom, Anders
Kühl, Michael
Non-invasive investigation of the morphology and optical properties of the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea with optical coherence tomography
title Non-invasive investigation of the morphology and optical properties of the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea with optical coherence tomography
title_full Non-invasive investigation of the morphology and optical properties of the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea with optical coherence tomography
title_fullStr Non-invasive investigation of the morphology and optical properties of the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea with optical coherence tomography
title_full_unstemmed Non-invasive investigation of the morphology and optical properties of the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea with optical coherence tomography
title_short Non-invasive investigation of the morphology and optical properties of the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea with optical coherence tomography
title_sort non-invasive investigation of the morphology and optical properties of the upside-down jellyfish cassiopea with optical coherence tomography
topic Biological Applications
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10523073/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37752841
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0127
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