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Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy

The dynamics of lattice vibrations govern many material processes, such as acoustic wave propagation, displacive phase transitions, and ballistic thermal transport. The maximum velocity of these processes and their effects is determined by the speed of sound, which therefore defines the temporal res...

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Autores principales: Holstad, Theodor S., Dresselhaus-Marais, Leora E., Ræder, Trygve Magnus, Kozioziemski, Bernard, van Driel, Tim, Seaberg, Matthew, Folsom, Eric, Eggert, Jon H., Knudsen, Erik Bergbäck, Nielsen, Martin Meedom, Simons, Hugh, Haldrup, Kristoffer, Poulsen, Henning Friis
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: National Academy of Sciences 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10523471/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37725646
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2307049120
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author Holstad, Theodor S.
Dresselhaus-Marais, Leora E.
Ræder, Trygve Magnus
Kozioziemski, Bernard
van Driel, Tim
Seaberg, Matthew
Folsom, Eric
Eggert, Jon H.
Knudsen, Erik Bergbäck
Nielsen, Martin Meedom
Simons, Hugh
Haldrup, Kristoffer
Poulsen, Henning Friis
author_facet Holstad, Theodor S.
Dresselhaus-Marais, Leora E.
Ræder, Trygve Magnus
Kozioziemski, Bernard
van Driel, Tim
Seaberg, Matthew
Folsom, Eric
Eggert, Jon H.
Knudsen, Erik Bergbäck
Nielsen, Martin Meedom
Simons, Hugh
Haldrup, Kristoffer
Poulsen, Henning Friis
author_sort Holstad, Theodor S.
collection PubMed
description The dynamics of lattice vibrations govern many material processes, such as acoustic wave propagation, displacive phase transitions, and ballistic thermal transport. The maximum velocity of these processes and their effects is determined by the speed of sound, which therefore defines the temporal resolution (picoseconds) needed to resolve these phenomena on their characteristic length scales (nanometers). Here, we present an X-ray microscope capable of imaging acoustic waves with subpicosecond resolution within mm-sized crystals. We directly visualize the generation, propagation, branching, and energy dissipation of longitudinal and transverse acoustic waves in diamond, demonstrating how mechanical energy thermalizes from picosecond to microsecond timescales. Bulk characterization techniques capable of resolving this level of structural detail have previously been available on millisecond time scales—orders of magnitude too slow to capture these fundamental phenomena in solid-state physics and geoscience. As such, the reported results provide broad insights into the interaction of acoustic waves with the structure of materials, and the availability of ultrafast time-resolved dark-field X-ray microscopy opens a vista of new opportunities for 3D imaging of materials dynamics on their intrinsic submicrosecond time scales.
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spelling pubmed-105234712023-09-28 Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy Holstad, Theodor S. Dresselhaus-Marais, Leora E. Ræder, Trygve Magnus Kozioziemski, Bernard van Driel, Tim Seaberg, Matthew Folsom, Eric Eggert, Jon H. Knudsen, Erik Bergbäck Nielsen, Martin Meedom Simons, Hugh Haldrup, Kristoffer Poulsen, Henning Friis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Physical Sciences The dynamics of lattice vibrations govern many material processes, such as acoustic wave propagation, displacive phase transitions, and ballistic thermal transport. The maximum velocity of these processes and their effects is determined by the speed of sound, which therefore defines the temporal resolution (picoseconds) needed to resolve these phenomena on their characteristic length scales (nanometers). Here, we present an X-ray microscope capable of imaging acoustic waves with subpicosecond resolution within mm-sized crystals. We directly visualize the generation, propagation, branching, and energy dissipation of longitudinal and transverse acoustic waves in diamond, demonstrating how mechanical energy thermalizes from picosecond to microsecond timescales. Bulk characterization techniques capable of resolving this level of structural detail have previously been available on millisecond time scales—orders of magnitude too slow to capture these fundamental phenomena in solid-state physics and geoscience. As such, the reported results provide broad insights into the interaction of acoustic waves with the structure of materials, and the availability of ultrafast time-resolved dark-field X-ray microscopy opens a vista of new opportunities for 3D imaging of materials dynamics on their intrinsic submicrosecond time scales. National Academy of Sciences 2023-09-19 2023-09-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10523471/ /pubmed/37725646 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2307049120 Text en Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Physical Sciences
Holstad, Theodor S.
Dresselhaus-Marais, Leora E.
Ræder, Trygve Magnus
Kozioziemski, Bernard
van Driel, Tim
Seaberg, Matthew
Folsom, Eric
Eggert, Jon H.
Knudsen, Erik Bergbäck
Nielsen, Martin Meedom
Simons, Hugh
Haldrup, Kristoffer
Poulsen, Henning Friis
Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy
title Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy
title_full Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy
title_fullStr Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy
title_full_unstemmed Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy
title_short Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy
title_sort real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with x-ray microscopy
topic Physical Sciences
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10523471/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37725646
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2307049120
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