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Endocannabinoid System Receptors at the Hip and Stifle Joints of Middle-Aged Dogs: A Novel Target for the Therapeutic Use of Cannabis sativa Extract in Canine Arthropathies

SIMPLE SUMMARY: The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays a crucial role in various processes in animals, including pain, inflammation, and immune function. In this study, the presence and distribution of specific ECS receptors (CB1R, CB2R, and GPR55) in the joints of middle-aged dogs was investigated....

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zamith Cunha, Rodrigo, Salamanca, Giulia, Mille, Fanny, Delprete, Cecilia, Franciosi, Cecilia, Piva, Giuliano, Gramenzi, Alessandro, Chiocchetti, Roberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10525782/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37760233
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13182833
Descripción
Sumario:SIMPLE SUMMARY: The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays a crucial role in various processes in animals, including pain, inflammation, and immune function. In this study, the presence and distribution of specific ECS receptors (CB1R, CB2R, and GPR55) in the joints of middle-aged dogs was investigated. By analysing the synovial tissues from the hip and the stifle joints, it was found that both CB2R and GPR55 were more prominently expressed by the synoviocytes as compared to CB1R. In addition, immune cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils, also exhibited some of these receptors. This intriguing finding suggested that the receptors in the ECS, particularly CB2R and GPR55, could be promising targets for therapeutic interventions, such as using Cannabis sativa extract, to address arthropathies in dogs. ABSTRACT: The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in veterinary medicine due to its involvement in a wide range of physiological processes including pain, inflammation, immune function, and neurological function. Modulation of the ECS receptors has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulatory effects in various animal models of disease, including dogs with osteoarthritis. The goal of this study was to identify and compare the cellular expression and distribution of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) and type 2 (CB2R) and the cannabinoid-related G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) on the synovial cells of hip and stifle joints of seven dogs of different breeds without overt signs of osteoarthritis (OA). The synovial membranes of seven hips and seven stifle joints were harvested post mortem. The expression of the CB1R, CB2R, and GPR55 present in the synovial tissues was investigated using qualitative and quantitative immunofluorescence and Western blot (Wb) analysis. Synoviocytes of the stifle and hip joints expressed CB1R, CB2R, and GPR55 immunoreactivity (IR); no significant differences were observed for each different joint. Cannabinoid receptor 2- and GPR55-IR were also expressed by macrophages, neutrophils, and vascular cells. The ECS receptors were widely expressed by the synovial elements of dogs without overt signs of OA. It suggests that the ECS could be a target for the therapeutic use of Cannabis sativa extract in canine arthropathies.