Public Knowledge and Perception of Anesthesia, Anesthesiologists’ Expertise, and Their Role Among Saudi Citizens Residing in Saudi Arabia

Background: Despite improvements in anesthesia practice, there is still a lack of public awareness of the field, the range of an anesthesiologist's duties, and the crucial role they play in the healthcare delivery system. Thus, this study aimed to assess Saudi citizens' perceptions of anesthesiologists' training, expertise, role, and responsibilities, as well as their knowledge and concerns about anesthesia. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2022 and April 2023, with a 42-question survey administered to 406 adult Saudi citizens of both genders residing in Saudi Arabia, excluding healthcare students and employees. Results: Most participants were female (82.8%), aged over 40 (67.6%), held a bachelor's degree (74.6%), and reported very good health (38.7%). A majority (67.2%) had at least undergone one or more surgeries. Knowledge scores averaged 8.14 ± 2.35/14, distributed as 20% poor, 67.7% moderate, and 12.3% good. Perception scores averaged 3.25 ± 1.59/7, with 55.2% poor, 38.2% moderate, and 6.7% good. A significant positive correlation between perception and knowledge scores was found. Higher perception scores were associated with having a chronic medical condition, while higher knowledge scores were associated with being female and having undergone more surgeries. Anesthesiologists were recognized as specially trained doctors by 79.8% of participants, and 63.8% trusted physicians for care. However, 22.4% refused care. Notably, the most common anesthesia concern was fear of dying during anesthesia (very concerned: 26.6%). Conclusion: This study reveals knowledge gaps and misconceptions about an anesthesiologist's role and responsibilities, highlighting the need for public education to address concerns, improve patient satisfaction, and inform future research.