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Case Report: Two Case Reports of Pulmonary Hypertension after mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination

Background: We herein report two cases of sudden onset symptomatic pulmonary hypertension after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Case Summary: Pulmonary hypertension in previously healthy adult males occurred within three weeks of receiving the second dose of the Pfizer (BNT162b2) mR...

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Autores principales: Sullivan, Robert D., Shults, Nataliia V., Suzuki, Yuichiro J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10528902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37754310
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases11030114
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author Sullivan, Robert D.
Shults, Nataliia V.
Suzuki, Yuichiro J.
author_facet Sullivan, Robert D.
Shults, Nataliia V.
Suzuki, Yuichiro J.
author_sort Sullivan, Robert D.
collection PubMed
description Background: We herein report two cases of sudden onset symptomatic pulmonary hypertension after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Case Summary: Pulmonary hypertension in previously healthy adult males occurred within three weeks of receiving the second dose of the Pfizer (BNT162b2) mRNA COVID-19 vaccine from different lots. Both patients experienced a sudden onset of severe fatigue and dyspnea on exertion with negative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. The diagnosis was made by serial transthoracic echocardiography in the first case and by both transthoracic echocardiography and right heart catheterization in the second. Both cases resulted in functional limitations and likely permanent organ damage. No evidence of pulmonary emboli was detected in either case. Discussion: Pulmonary hypertension is a serious disease characterized by damage to lung vasculature and restricted blood flow through narrowed arteries from the right to left heart. The onset of symptoms is typically insidious, progressive and incurable, leading to right heart failure and premature death. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies pulmonary hypertension into five categories and recently re-defined it as a resting mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than 20 mmHg. Sudden onset pulmonary hypertension would only be expected in the settings of surgical pneumonectomy or massive pulmonary emboli with compromise of at least 50% of the lung vasculature. We present here two novel cases of sudden onset pulmonary hypertension without evidence of pulmonary emboli, both of which occurred after receiving a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine.
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spelling pubmed-105289022023-09-28 Case Report: Two Case Reports of Pulmonary Hypertension after mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination Sullivan, Robert D. Shults, Nataliia V. Suzuki, Yuichiro J. Diseases Case Report Background: We herein report two cases of sudden onset symptomatic pulmonary hypertension after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Case Summary: Pulmonary hypertension in previously healthy adult males occurred within three weeks of receiving the second dose of the Pfizer (BNT162b2) mRNA COVID-19 vaccine from different lots. Both patients experienced a sudden onset of severe fatigue and dyspnea on exertion with negative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. The diagnosis was made by serial transthoracic echocardiography in the first case and by both transthoracic echocardiography and right heart catheterization in the second. Both cases resulted in functional limitations and likely permanent organ damage. No evidence of pulmonary emboli was detected in either case. Discussion: Pulmonary hypertension is a serious disease characterized by damage to lung vasculature and restricted blood flow through narrowed arteries from the right to left heart. The onset of symptoms is typically insidious, progressive and incurable, leading to right heart failure and premature death. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies pulmonary hypertension into five categories and recently re-defined it as a resting mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than 20 mmHg. Sudden onset pulmonary hypertension would only be expected in the settings of surgical pneumonectomy or massive pulmonary emboli with compromise of at least 50% of the lung vasculature. We present here two novel cases of sudden onset pulmonary hypertension without evidence of pulmonary emboli, both of which occurred after receiving a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. MDPI 2023-09-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10528902/ /pubmed/37754310 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases11030114 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Report
Sullivan, Robert D.
Shults, Nataliia V.
Suzuki, Yuichiro J.
Case Report: Two Case Reports of Pulmonary Hypertension after mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
title Case Report: Two Case Reports of Pulmonary Hypertension after mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
title_full Case Report: Two Case Reports of Pulmonary Hypertension after mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
title_fullStr Case Report: Two Case Reports of Pulmonary Hypertension after mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
title_full_unstemmed Case Report: Two Case Reports of Pulmonary Hypertension after mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
title_short Case Report: Two Case Reports of Pulmonary Hypertension after mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
title_sort case report: two case reports of pulmonary hypertension after mrna covid-19 vaccination
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10528902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37754310
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases11030114
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