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For Someone, You Are the Whole World: Host-Specificity of Salmonella enterica

Salmonella enterica is a bacterial pathogen known to cause gastrointestinal infections in diverse hosts, including humans and animals. Despite extensive knowledge of virulence mechanisms, understanding the factors driving host specificity remains limited. In this study, we performed a comprehensive...

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Autores principales: Merkushova, Anastasiya V., Shikov, Anton E., Nizhnikov, Anton A., Antonets, Kirill S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10530738/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37761974
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241813670
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author Merkushova, Anastasiya V.
Shikov, Anton E.
Nizhnikov, Anton A.
Antonets, Kirill S.
author_facet Merkushova, Anastasiya V.
Shikov, Anton E.
Nizhnikov, Anton A.
Antonets, Kirill S.
author_sort Merkushova, Anastasiya V.
collection PubMed
description Salmonella enterica is a bacterial pathogen known to cause gastrointestinal infections in diverse hosts, including humans and animals. Despite extensive knowledge of virulence mechanisms, understanding the factors driving host specificity remains limited. In this study, we performed a comprehensive pangenome-wide analysis of S. enterica to identify potential loci determining preference towards certain hosts. We used a dataset of high-quality genome assemblies grouped into 300 reference clusters with a special focus on four host groups: humans, pigs, cattle, and birds. The reconstructed pangenome was shown to be open and enriched with the accessory component implying high genetic diversity. Notably, phylogenetic inferences did not correspond to the distribution of affected hosts, as large compact phylogenetic groups were absent. By performing a pangenome-wide association study, we identified potential host specificity determinants. These included multiple genes encoding proteins involved in distinct infection stages, e.g., secretion systems, surface structures, transporters, transcription regulators, etc. We also identified antibiotic resistance loci in host-adapted strains. Functional annotation corroborated the results obtained with significant enrichments related to stress response, antibiotic resistance, ion transport, and surface or extracellular localization. We suggested categorizing the revealed specificity factors into three main groups: pathogenesis, resistance to antibiotics, and propagation of mobile genetic elements (MGEs).
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spelling pubmed-105307382023-09-28 For Someone, You Are the Whole World: Host-Specificity of Salmonella enterica Merkushova, Anastasiya V. Shikov, Anton E. Nizhnikov, Anton A. Antonets, Kirill S. Int J Mol Sci Article Salmonella enterica is a bacterial pathogen known to cause gastrointestinal infections in diverse hosts, including humans and animals. Despite extensive knowledge of virulence mechanisms, understanding the factors driving host specificity remains limited. In this study, we performed a comprehensive pangenome-wide analysis of S. enterica to identify potential loci determining preference towards certain hosts. We used a dataset of high-quality genome assemblies grouped into 300 reference clusters with a special focus on four host groups: humans, pigs, cattle, and birds. The reconstructed pangenome was shown to be open and enriched with the accessory component implying high genetic diversity. Notably, phylogenetic inferences did not correspond to the distribution of affected hosts, as large compact phylogenetic groups were absent. By performing a pangenome-wide association study, we identified potential host specificity determinants. These included multiple genes encoding proteins involved in distinct infection stages, e.g., secretion systems, surface structures, transporters, transcription regulators, etc. We also identified antibiotic resistance loci in host-adapted strains. Functional annotation corroborated the results obtained with significant enrichments related to stress response, antibiotic resistance, ion transport, and surface or extracellular localization. We suggested categorizing the revealed specificity factors into three main groups: pathogenesis, resistance to antibiotics, and propagation of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). MDPI 2023-09-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10530738/ /pubmed/37761974 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241813670 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Merkushova, Anastasiya V.
Shikov, Anton E.
Nizhnikov, Anton A.
Antonets, Kirill S.
For Someone, You Are the Whole World: Host-Specificity of Salmonella enterica
title For Someone, You Are the Whole World: Host-Specificity of Salmonella enterica
title_full For Someone, You Are the Whole World: Host-Specificity of Salmonella enterica
title_fullStr For Someone, You Are the Whole World: Host-Specificity of Salmonella enterica
title_full_unstemmed For Someone, You Are the Whole World: Host-Specificity of Salmonella enterica
title_short For Someone, You Are the Whole World: Host-Specificity of Salmonella enterica
title_sort for someone, you are the whole world: host-specificity of salmonella enterica
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10530738/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37761974
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241813670
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