New Functional Alkoxysilanes and Silatranes: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Possible Applications

The aza-Michael reaction of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (1) and -silatrane (2) with acrylates affords functionalized silyl-(3–8) and silatranyl-(9–14) mono- and diadducts with up to a 99% yield. Their structure has been proved with IR and NMR spectroscopies, mass spectrometry and XRD analysis. The hydrolytic homo-condensation of triethoxysilanes 3–5 gives siloxanes 3a–5a, which form complexes with Ag, Cu, and Ni salts. They are also able to adsorb these metals from solutions. The hetero-condensation reaction of silanes 4–8 with OH groups of zeolite (Z), silica gel (S) and glass (G) delivers the modified materials (Z4, S7, G4, G5, G7, G8, etc.), which can adsorb ions of noble metal (Au, Rh, Pd: G4 + Au, G5 + Pd, G7 + Rh). Thus, the synthesized Si-organic polymers and materials turned out to be promising sorbents (enterosorbents) of noble, heavy, toxic metal ions and can be applied in industry, environment, and medicine.