Unrecognized Pulmonary Hypertension in Non-Cardiac Surgical Patients: At-Risk Populations, Preoperative Evaluation, Intraoperative Management and Postoperative Complications

Pulmonary hypertension is a well-established independent risk factor for perioperative complications after elective non-cardiac surgery. Patients undergoing cardiac surgery are routinely evaluated for the presence of pulmonary hypertension in the preoperative period. Better monitoring in the postoperative critical care setting leads to more efficient management of potential complications. Data among patients with pulmonary hypertension undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery are scant. Moreover, the condition may be unidentified at the time of surgery. Also, monitoring after non-cardiac surgery can be very limited in the PACU setting, as opposed to the critical care setting. All these factors can result in a higher postoperative complication rate and poor outcomes.