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The Effect of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Central and Peripheral Nervous System Neurons—Implications for Biomaterial Applicability
Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) is a second-generation platelet concentrate that is prepared directly from the patient’s own blood. It is widely used in the field of regenerative medicine, and to better understand its clinical applicability we aimed to further explore the biological prop...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10532231/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37762617 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814314 |
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author | Lambrichts, Ivo Wolfs, Esther Bronckaers, Annelies Gervois, Pascal Vangansewinkel, Tim |
author_facet | Lambrichts, Ivo Wolfs, Esther Bronckaers, Annelies Gervois, Pascal Vangansewinkel, Tim |
author_sort | Lambrichts, Ivo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) is a second-generation platelet concentrate that is prepared directly from the patient’s own blood. It is widely used in the field of regenerative medicine, and to better understand its clinical applicability we aimed to further explore the biological properties and effects of L-PRF on cells from the central and peripheral nervous system. To this end, L-PRF was prepared from healthy human donors, and confocal, transmission, and scanning electron microscopy as well as secretome analysis were performed on these clots. In addition, functional assays were completed to determine the effect of L-PRF on neural stem cells (NSCs), primary cortical neurons (pCNs), and peripheral dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. We observed that L-PRF consists of a dense but porous fibrin network, containing leukocytes and aggregates of activated platelets that are distributed throughout the clot. Antibody array and ELISA confirmed that it is a reservoir for a plethora of growth factors. Key molecules that are known to have an effect on neuronal cell functions such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) were slowly released over time from the clots. Next, we found that the L-PRF secretome had no significant effect on the proliferative and metabolic activity of NSCs, but it did act as a chemoattractant and improved the migration of these CNS-derived stem cells. More importantly, L-PRF growth factors had a detrimental effect on the survival of pCNs, and consequently, also interfered with their neurite outgrowth. In contrast, we found a positive effect on peripheral DRG neurons, and L-PRF growth factors improved their survival and significantly stimulated the outgrowth and branching of their neurites. Taken together, our study demonstrates the positive effects of the L-PRF secretome on peripheral neurons and supports its use in regenerative medicine but care should be taken when using it for CNS applications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10532231 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105322312023-09-28 The Effect of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Central and Peripheral Nervous System Neurons—Implications for Biomaterial Applicability Lambrichts, Ivo Wolfs, Esther Bronckaers, Annelies Gervois, Pascal Vangansewinkel, Tim Int J Mol Sci Article Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) is a second-generation platelet concentrate that is prepared directly from the patient’s own blood. It is widely used in the field of regenerative medicine, and to better understand its clinical applicability we aimed to further explore the biological properties and effects of L-PRF on cells from the central and peripheral nervous system. To this end, L-PRF was prepared from healthy human donors, and confocal, transmission, and scanning electron microscopy as well as secretome analysis were performed on these clots. In addition, functional assays were completed to determine the effect of L-PRF on neural stem cells (NSCs), primary cortical neurons (pCNs), and peripheral dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. We observed that L-PRF consists of a dense but porous fibrin network, containing leukocytes and aggregates of activated platelets that are distributed throughout the clot. Antibody array and ELISA confirmed that it is a reservoir for a plethora of growth factors. Key molecules that are known to have an effect on neuronal cell functions such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) were slowly released over time from the clots. Next, we found that the L-PRF secretome had no significant effect on the proliferative and metabolic activity of NSCs, but it did act as a chemoattractant and improved the migration of these CNS-derived stem cells. More importantly, L-PRF growth factors had a detrimental effect on the survival of pCNs, and consequently, also interfered with their neurite outgrowth. In contrast, we found a positive effect on peripheral DRG neurons, and L-PRF growth factors improved their survival and significantly stimulated the outgrowth and branching of their neurites. Taken together, our study demonstrates the positive effects of the L-PRF secretome on peripheral neurons and supports its use in regenerative medicine but care should be taken when using it for CNS applications. MDPI 2023-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10532231/ /pubmed/37762617 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814314 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lambrichts, Ivo Wolfs, Esther Bronckaers, Annelies Gervois, Pascal Vangansewinkel, Tim The Effect of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Central and Peripheral Nervous System Neurons—Implications for Biomaterial Applicability |
title | The Effect of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Central and Peripheral Nervous System Neurons—Implications for Biomaterial Applicability |
title_full | The Effect of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Central and Peripheral Nervous System Neurons—Implications for Biomaterial Applicability |
title_fullStr | The Effect of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Central and Peripheral Nervous System Neurons—Implications for Biomaterial Applicability |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Central and Peripheral Nervous System Neurons—Implications for Biomaterial Applicability |
title_short | The Effect of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Central and Peripheral Nervous System Neurons—Implications for Biomaterial Applicability |
title_sort | effect of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin on central and peripheral nervous system neurons—implications for biomaterial applicability |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10532231/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37762617 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814314 |
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