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Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo

Background: Vitiligo is a common chronic hypomelanotic skin disorder. An intricate pool of markers associated with a complex combination of biological and environmental factors is thought to be implicated in etiology. This study aims to investigate the most important markers associated with vitiligo...

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Autores principales: Kassab, Asma, Khalij, Yassine, Ayed, Yosra, Dar-Odeh, Najla, Kokandi, Amal A., Denguezli, Meriam, Youssef, Monia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10532328/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37762802
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12185861
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author Kassab, Asma
Khalij, Yassine
Ayed, Yosra
Dar-Odeh, Najla
Kokandi, Amal A.
Denguezli, Meriam
Youssef, Monia
author_facet Kassab, Asma
Khalij, Yassine
Ayed, Yosra
Dar-Odeh, Najla
Kokandi, Amal A.
Denguezli, Meriam
Youssef, Monia
author_sort Kassab, Asma
collection PubMed
description Background: Vitiligo is a common chronic hypomelanotic skin disorder. An intricate pool of markers associated with a complex combination of biological and environmental factors is thought to be implicated in etiology. This study aims to investigate the most important markers associated with vitiligo pathogenesis, including redox status, inflammation, and immune profile, in patients with vitiligo. Materials and Methods: The study included a total of 96 subjects: 30 patients with active non-segmental vitiligo, 30 patients with stable non-segmental vitiligo, and 36 controls. The vitiligo area severity index (VASI) and vitiligo disease activity score (VIDA) were determined. The following serum parameters were assessed: antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), catalase activity (CAT), glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase activity (GST), malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-15 (IL-15), and chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10). Results: The VASI score was not significantly different between active and stable vitiligo patients, as it was approximately 0.1. TAS, CAT, GPx, and GST were significantly lower in vitiligo patients compared to controls (p < 0.05). They were also significantly lower in active vitiligo when compared to stable vitiligo (p < 0.05). However, SOD levels were significantly higher in vitiligo patients than in controls and in the active vitiligo group than in the stable vitiligo group (p < 0.05). MDA and AOPP levels were significantly higher in patients with active and stable vitiligo compared to controls (p < 0.05). However, they did not significantly differ between active and stable vitiligo patients (p < 0.05). In both active and stable vitiligo, CRP and IL-15 were significantly higher than controls (p < 0.05). Whereas CRP was significantly higher in active (range = 2.0–7.2, mean = 4.46 ± 1.09) than in stable vitiligo (range = 1.6–6.7, mean = 3.75 ± 1.08) (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-15 levels between active and stable vitiligo. In both active and stable vitiligo, CXCL9 and CXCL10 were significantly higher than controls (p < 0.05), and they were significantly higher in active than stable vitiligo (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In vitiligo, oxidative damage induces an increase in pro-inflammatory IL-15, which in turn promotes IFN-γ-inducible chemokines such as CXCL9 and CXCL10. Further, there seems to be a link between the VASI score and IL-15 levels. These data imply that inhibiting IL-15 could be a promising method for developing a potentially targeted treatment that suppresses the early interplay between oxidant stress and IL-15 keratinocyte production, as well as between resident and recirculating memory T cells.
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spelling pubmed-105323282023-09-28 Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo Kassab, Asma Khalij, Yassine Ayed, Yosra Dar-Odeh, Najla Kokandi, Amal A. Denguezli, Meriam Youssef, Monia J Clin Med Article Background: Vitiligo is a common chronic hypomelanotic skin disorder. An intricate pool of markers associated with a complex combination of biological and environmental factors is thought to be implicated in etiology. This study aims to investigate the most important markers associated with vitiligo pathogenesis, including redox status, inflammation, and immune profile, in patients with vitiligo. Materials and Methods: The study included a total of 96 subjects: 30 patients with active non-segmental vitiligo, 30 patients with stable non-segmental vitiligo, and 36 controls. The vitiligo area severity index (VASI) and vitiligo disease activity score (VIDA) were determined. The following serum parameters were assessed: antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), catalase activity (CAT), glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase activity (GST), malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-15 (IL-15), and chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10). Results: The VASI score was not significantly different between active and stable vitiligo patients, as it was approximately 0.1. TAS, CAT, GPx, and GST were significantly lower in vitiligo patients compared to controls (p < 0.05). They were also significantly lower in active vitiligo when compared to stable vitiligo (p < 0.05). However, SOD levels were significantly higher in vitiligo patients than in controls and in the active vitiligo group than in the stable vitiligo group (p < 0.05). MDA and AOPP levels were significantly higher in patients with active and stable vitiligo compared to controls (p < 0.05). However, they did not significantly differ between active and stable vitiligo patients (p < 0.05). In both active and stable vitiligo, CRP and IL-15 were significantly higher than controls (p < 0.05). Whereas CRP was significantly higher in active (range = 2.0–7.2, mean = 4.46 ± 1.09) than in stable vitiligo (range = 1.6–6.7, mean = 3.75 ± 1.08) (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-15 levels between active and stable vitiligo. In both active and stable vitiligo, CXCL9 and CXCL10 were significantly higher than controls (p < 0.05), and they were significantly higher in active than stable vitiligo (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In vitiligo, oxidative damage induces an increase in pro-inflammatory IL-15, which in turn promotes IFN-γ-inducible chemokines such as CXCL9 and CXCL10. Further, there seems to be a link between the VASI score and IL-15 levels. These data imply that inhibiting IL-15 could be a promising method for developing a potentially targeted treatment that suppresses the early interplay between oxidant stress and IL-15 keratinocyte production, as well as between resident and recirculating memory T cells. MDPI 2023-09-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10532328/ /pubmed/37762802 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12185861 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kassab, Asma
Khalij, Yassine
Ayed, Yosra
Dar-Odeh, Najla
Kokandi, Amal A.
Denguezli, Meriam
Youssef, Monia
Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo
title Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo
title_full Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo
title_fullStr Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo
title_full_unstemmed Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo
title_short Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo
title_sort serum inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in patients with vitiligo
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10532328/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37762802
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12185861
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