Cargando…

Influence of Nb and Mo Substitution on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Rapidly Quenched Fe(79.4)Co(5)Cu(0.6)B(15) Alloy

The importance of amorphous and nanocrystalline Fe-based soft magnetic materials is increasing annually. Thus, characterisation of the chemical compositions, alloying additives, and crystal structures is significant for obtaining the appropriate functional properties. The purpose of this work is to...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hawelek, Lukasz, Zackiewicz, Przemyslaw, Wojcik, Anna, Hudecki, Jacek, Warski, Tymon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10532488/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37763564
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16186288
_version_ 1785111972391419904
author Hawelek, Lukasz
Zackiewicz, Przemyslaw
Wojcik, Anna
Hudecki, Jacek
Warski, Tymon
author_facet Hawelek, Lukasz
Zackiewicz, Przemyslaw
Wojcik, Anna
Hudecki, Jacek
Warski, Tymon
author_sort Hawelek, Lukasz
collection PubMed
description The importance of amorphous and nanocrystalline Fe-based soft magnetic materials is increasing annually. Thus, characterisation of the chemical compositions, alloying additives, and crystal structures is significant for obtaining the appropriate functional properties. The purpose of this work is to present comparative studies on the influence of Nb (1, 2, 3 at.%) and Mo (1, 2, 3 at.%) in Fe substitution on the thermal stability, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of a rapidly quenched Fe(79.4)Co(5)Cu(0.6)B(15) alloy. Additional heat treatments in a vacuum (260–640 °C) were performed for all samples based on the crystallisation kinetics. Substantial improvement in thermal stability was achieved with increasing Nb substitution, while this effect was less noticeable for Mo-containing alloys. The heat treatment optimisation process showed that the least lossy states (with a minimum value of coercivity below 10 A/m and high saturation induction up to 1.7 T) were the intermediate state of the relaxed amorphous state and the nanocomposite state of nanocrystals immersed in the amorphous matrix obtained by annealing in the temperature range of 340–360 °C for 20 min. Only for the alloy with the highest thermal stability (Nb = 3%), the α-Fe(Co) nanograin grows, without the co-participation of the hard magnetic Fe(3)B, in a relatively wide range of annealing temperatures up to 460 °C, where the second local minimum in coercivity and core power losses exists. For the remaining annealed alloys, due to lower thermal stability than the Nb = 3% alloy, the Fe(3)B phase starts to crystallise at lower annealing temperatures, making an essential contribution to magneto-crystalline anisotropy, thus the substantial increase in coercivity and induction saturation. The air-annealing process tested on the studied alloys for optimal annealing conditions has potential use for this type of material. Additionally, optimally annealed Mo-containing alloys are less lossy materials than Nb-containing alloys in a frequency range up to 400 kHz and magnetic induction up to 0.8 T.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10532488
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-105324882023-09-28 Influence of Nb and Mo Substitution on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Rapidly Quenched Fe(79.4)Co(5)Cu(0.6)B(15) Alloy Hawelek, Lukasz Zackiewicz, Przemyslaw Wojcik, Anna Hudecki, Jacek Warski, Tymon Materials (Basel) Article The importance of amorphous and nanocrystalline Fe-based soft magnetic materials is increasing annually. Thus, characterisation of the chemical compositions, alloying additives, and crystal structures is significant for obtaining the appropriate functional properties. The purpose of this work is to present comparative studies on the influence of Nb (1, 2, 3 at.%) and Mo (1, 2, 3 at.%) in Fe substitution on the thermal stability, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of a rapidly quenched Fe(79.4)Co(5)Cu(0.6)B(15) alloy. Additional heat treatments in a vacuum (260–640 °C) were performed for all samples based on the crystallisation kinetics. Substantial improvement in thermal stability was achieved with increasing Nb substitution, while this effect was less noticeable for Mo-containing alloys. The heat treatment optimisation process showed that the least lossy states (with a minimum value of coercivity below 10 A/m and high saturation induction up to 1.7 T) were the intermediate state of the relaxed amorphous state and the nanocomposite state of nanocrystals immersed in the amorphous matrix obtained by annealing in the temperature range of 340–360 °C for 20 min. Only for the alloy with the highest thermal stability (Nb = 3%), the α-Fe(Co) nanograin grows, without the co-participation of the hard magnetic Fe(3)B, in a relatively wide range of annealing temperatures up to 460 °C, where the second local minimum in coercivity and core power losses exists. For the remaining annealed alloys, due to lower thermal stability than the Nb = 3% alloy, the Fe(3)B phase starts to crystallise at lower annealing temperatures, making an essential contribution to magneto-crystalline anisotropy, thus the substantial increase in coercivity and induction saturation. The air-annealing process tested on the studied alloys for optimal annealing conditions has potential use for this type of material. Additionally, optimally annealed Mo-containing alloys are less lossy materials than Nb-containing alloys in a frequency range up to 400 kHz and magnetic induction up to 0.8 T. MDPI 2023-09-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10532488/ /pubmed/37763564 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16186288 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hawelek, Lukasz
Zackiewicz, Przemyslaw
Wojcik, Anna
Hudecki, Jacek
Warski, Tymon
Influence of Nb and Mo Substitution on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Rapidly Quenched Fe(79.4)Co(5)Cu(0.6)B(15) Alloy
title Influence of Nb and Mo Substitution on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Rapidly Quenched Fe(79.4)Co(5)Cu(0.6)B(15) Alloy
title_full Influence of Nb and Mo Substitution on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Rapidly Quenched Fe(79.4)Co(5)Cu(0.6)B(15) Alloy
title_fullStr Influence of Nb and Mo Substitution on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Rapidly Quenched Fe(79.4)Co(5)Cu(0.6)B(15) Alloy
title_full_unstemmed Influence of Nb and Mo Substitution on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Rapidly Quenched Fe(79.4)Co(5)Cu(0.6)B(15) Alloy
title_short Influence of Nb and Mo Substitution on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Rapidly Quenched Fe(79.4)Co(5)Cu(0.6)B(15) Alloy
title_sort influence of nb and mo substitution on the structure and magnetic properties of a rapidly quenched fe(79.4)co(5)cu(0.6)b(15) alloy
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10532488/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37763564
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16186288
work_keys_str_mv AT haweleklukasz influenceofnbandmosubstitutiononthestructureandmagneticpropertiesofarapidlyquenchedfe794co5cu06b15alloy
AT zackiewiczprzemyslaw influenceofnbandmosubstitutiononthestructureandmagneticpropertiesofarapidlyquenchedfe794co5cu06b15alloy
AT wojcikanna influenceofnbandmosubstitutiononthestructureandmagneticpropertiesofarapidlyquenchedfe794co5cu06b15alloy
AT hudeckijacek influenceofnbandmosubstitutiononthestructureandmagneticpropertiesofarapidlyquenchedfe794co5cu06b15alloy
AT warskitymon influenceofnbandmosubstitutiononthestructureandmagneticpropertiesofarapidlyquenchedfe794co5cu06b15alloy