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Accuracy of Stool Antigen Test in the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Dominican Republic

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a well-studied infectious agent due to its pathogenic potential for peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. It has a high prevalence worldwide and has several diagnostic methods, both invasive and non-invasive. It is important to address the diagnostic efficacy of thes...

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Autores principales: Alfau, Miguel, Delgado, Annerys, Reyes, Cinthia, Durán, Diana, Arbaje, Diego, García, Annette
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10533417/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37779804
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44290
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author Alfau, Miguel
Delgado, Annerys
Reyes, Cinthia
Durán, Diana
Arbaje, Diego
García, Annette
author_facet Alfau, Miguel
Delgado, Annerys
Reyes, Cinthia
Durán, Diana
Arbaje, Diego
García, Annette
author_sort Alfau, Miguel
collection PubMed
description Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a well-studied infectious agent due to its pathogenic potential for peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. It has a high prevalence worldwide and has several diagnostic methods, both invasive and non-invasive. It is important to address the diagnostic efficacy of these tests, as the data vary by location and the specific population in which they are used. Therefore, an effective testing method should be obtained, evaluating the possibility of substantially reducing invasive procedures and, therefore, associated costs. Objective: This study proposes to define the diagnostic accuracy of the stool antigen test for H. pylori infection in the Dominican Republic. Methods: An observational, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was conducted. The results of the stool antigen test for H. pylori infection were compared with the results of the gastric biopsy, as a gold standard test. Patients over 18 years of age with an indication for endoscopy due to suspicion of H. pylori infection, who attended the gastroenterology clinic in 2021, were included in the study. Results: It was shown that the stool antigen test for H. pylori infection has a 61.54% sensitivity and 59.65% specificity. According to the study population, the positive predictive value (PPV) was 67.60% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 53.13%. Conclusion: Low numbers of both sensitivity and specificity were determined, which is why it is pertinent to study alternative non-invasive methods. However, it is important to assess the antibiotic exposure of the study population, since the diagnostic accuracy of the stool test can be influenced by this factor.
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spelling pubmed-105334172023-09-29 Accuracy of Stool Antigen Test in the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Dominican Republic Alfau, Miguel Delgado, Annerys Reyes, Cinthia Durán, Diana Arbaje, Diego García, Annette Cureus Internal Medicine Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a well-studied infectious agent due to its pathogenic potential for peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. It has a high prevalence worldwide and has several diagnostic methods, both invasive and non-invasive. It is important to address the diagnostic efficacy of these tests, as the data vary by location and the specific population in which they are used. Therefore, an effective testing method should be obtained, evaluating the possibility of substantially reducing invasive procedures and, therefore, associated costs. Objective: This study proposes to define the diagnostic accuracy of the stool antigen test for H. pylori infection in the Dominican Republic. Methods: An observational, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was conducted. The results of the stool antigen test for H. pylori infection were compared with the results of the gastric biopsy, as a gold standard test. Patients over 18 years of age with an indication for endoscopy due to suspicion of H. pylori infection, who attended the gastroenterology clinic in 2021, were included in the study. Results: It was shown that the stool antigen test for H. pylori infection has a 61.54% sensitivity and 59.65% specificity. According to the study population, the positive predictive value (PPV) was 67.60% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 53.13%. Conclusion: Low numbers of both sensitivity and specificity were determined, which is why it is pertinent to study alternative non-invasive methods. However, it is important to assess the antibiotic exposure of the study population, since the diagnostic accuracy of the stool test can be influenced by this factor. Cureus 2023-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10533417/ /pubmed/37779804 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44290 Text en Copyright © 2023, Alfau et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Internal Medicine
Alfau, Miguel
Delgado, Annerys
Reyes, Cinthia
Durán, Diana
Arbaje, Diego
García, Annette
Accuracy of Stool Antigen Test in the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Dominican Republic
title Accuracy of Stool Antigen Test in the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Dominican Republic
title_full Accuracy of Stool Antigen Test in the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Dominican Republic
title_fullStr Accuracy of Stool Antigen Test in the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Dominican Republic
title_full_unstemmed Accuracy of Stool Antigen Test in the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Dominican Republic
title_short Accuracy of Stool Antigen Test in the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Dominican Republic
title_sort accuracy of stool antigen test in the diagnosis of helicobacter pylori infection in the dominican republic
topic Internal Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10533417/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37779804
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44290
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