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Ochratoxin A—The Current Knowledge Concerning Hepatotoxicity, Mode of Action and Possible Prevention

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is considered as the most toxic of the other ochratoxins synthesized by various fungal species belonging to the Aspergillus and Penicillium families. OTA commonly contaminates food and beverages, resulting in animal and human health issues. The toxicity of OTA is known to cause li...

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Autores principales: Więckowska, Magdalena, Szelenberger, Rafał, Niemcewicz, Marcin, Harmata, Piotr, Poplawski, Tomasz, Bijak, Michał
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10534339/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764392
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186617
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author Więckowska, Magdalena
Szelenberger, Rafał
Niemcewicz, Marcin
Harmata, Piotr
Poplawski, Tomasz
Bijak, Michał
author_facet Więckowska, Magdalena
Szelenberger, Rafał
Niemcewicz, Marcin
Harmata, Piotr
Poplawski, Tomasz
Bijak, Michał
author_sort Więckowska, Magdalena
collection PubMed
description Ochratoxin A (OTA) is considered as the most toxic of the other ochratoxins synthesized by various fungal species belonging to the Aspergillus and Penicillium families. OTA commonly contaminates food and beverages, resulting in animal and human health issues. The toxicity of OTA is known to cause liver damage and is still being researched. However, current findings do not provide clear insights into the toxin mechanism of action. The current studies focusing on the use of potentially protective compounds against the effects of the toxin are insufficient as they are mainly conducted on animals. Further research is required to fill the existing gaps in both fields (namely the exact OTA molecular mechanism and the prevention of its toxicity in the human liver). This review article is a summary of the so far obtained results of studies focusing on the OTA hepatotoxicity, its mode of action, and the known approaches of liver cells protection, which may be the base for expanding other research in near future.
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spelling pubmed-105343392023-09-29 Ochratoxin A—The Current Knowledge Concerning Hepatotoxicity, Mode of Action and Possible Prevention Więckowska, Magdalena Szelenberger, Rafał Niemcewicz, Marcin Harmata, Piotr Poplawski, Tomasz Bijak, Michał Molecules Review Ochratoxin A (OTA) is considered as the most toxic of the other ochratoxins synthesized by various fungal species belonging to the Aspergillus and Penicillium families. OTA commonly contaminates food and beverages, resulting in animal and human health issues. The toxicity of OTA is known to cause liver damage and is still being researched. However, current findings do not provide clear insights into the toxin mechanism of action. The current studies focusing on the use of potentially protective compounds against the effects of the toxin are insufficient as they are mainly conducted on animals. Further research is required to fill the existing gaps in both fields (namely the exact OTA molecular mechanism and the prevention of its toxicity in the human liver). This review article is a summary of the so far obtained results of studies focusing on the OTA hepatotoxicity, its mode of action, and the known approaches of liver cells protection, which may be the base for expanding other research in near future. MDPI 2023-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10534339/ /pubmed/37764392 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186617 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Więckowska, Magdalena
Szelenberger, Rafał
Niemcewicz, Marcin
Harmata, Piotr
Poplawski, Tomasz
Bijak, Michał
Ochratoxin A—The Current Knowledge Concerning Hepatotoxicity, Mode of Action and Possible Prevention
title Ochratoxin A—The Current Knowledge Concerning Hepatotoxicity, Mode of Action and Possible Prevention
title_full Ochratoxin A—The Current Knowledge Concerning Hepatotoxicity, Mode of Action and Possible Prevention
title_fullStr Ochratoxin A—The Current Knowledge Concerning Hepatotoxicity, Mode of Action and Possible Prevention
title_full_unstemmed Ochratoxin A—The Current Knowledge Concerning Hepatotoxicity, Mode of Action and Possible Prevention
title_short Ochratoxin A—The Current Knowledge Concerning Hepatotoxicity, Mode of Action and Possible Prevention
title_sort ochratoxin a—the current knowledge concerning hepatotoxicity, mode of action and possible prevention
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10534339/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764392
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186617
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