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Advances in Biosynthesis of Non-Canonical Amino Acids (ncAAs) and the Methods of ncAAs Incorporation into Proteins

The functional pool of canonical amino acids (cAAs) has been enriched through the emergence of non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs). NcAAs play a crucial role in the production of various pharmaceuticals. The biosynthesis of ncAAs has emerged as an alternative to traditional chemical synthesis due to i...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Chen, Liang, Xin, Xiulan, Zhang, Yuning, Li, Shunyao, Zhao, Xiaoman, Li, Song, Xu, Zhaochu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10534643/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764520
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186745
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author Chen, Liang
Xin, Xiulan
Zhang, Yuning
Li, Shunyao
Zhao, Xiaoman
Li, Song
Xu, Zhaochu
author_facet Chen, Liang
Xin, Xiulan
Zhang, Yuning
Li, Shunyao
Zhao, Xiaoman
Li, Song
Xu, Zhaochu
author_sort Chen, Liang
collection PubMed
description The functional pool of canonical amino acids (cAAs) has been enriched through the emergence of non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs). NcAAs play a crucial role in the production of various pharmaceuticals. The biosynthesis of ncAAs has emerged as an alternative to traditional chemical synthesis due to its environmental friendliness and high efficiency. The breakthrough genetic code expansion (GCE) technique developed in recent years has allowed the incorporation of ncAAs into target proteins, giving them special functions and biological activities. The biosynthesis of ncAAs and their incorporation into target proteins within a single microbe has become an enticing application of such molecules. Based on that, in this study, we first review the biosynthesis methods for ncAAs and analyze the difficulties related to biosynthesis. We then summarize the GCE methods and analyze their advantages and disadvantages. Further, we review the application progress of ncAAs and anticipate the challenges and future development directions of ncAAs.
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spelling pubmed-105346432023-09-29 Advances in Biosynthesis of Non-Canonical Amino Acids (ncAAs) and the Methods of ncAAs Incorporation into Proteins Chen, Liang Xin, Xiulan Zhang, Yuning Li, Shunyao Zhao, Xiaoman Li, Song Xu, Zhaochu Molecules Review The functional pool of canonical amino acids (cAAs) has been enriched through the emergence of non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs). NcAAs play a crucial role in the production of various pharmaceuticals. The biosynthesis of ncAAs has emerged as an alternative to traditional chemical synthesis due to its environmental friendliness and high efficiency. The breakthrough genetic code expansion (GCE) technique developed in recent years has allowed the incorporation of ncAAs into target proteins, giving them special functions and biological activities. The biosynthesis of ncAAs and their incorporation into target proteins within a single microbe has become an enticing application of such molecules. Based on that, in this study, we first review the biosynthesis methods for ncAAs and analyze the difficulties related to biosynthesis. We then summarize the GCE methods and analyze their advantages and disadvantages. Further, we review the application progress of ncAAs and anticipate the challenges and future development directions of ncAAs. MDPI 2023-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10534643/ /pubmed/37764520 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186745 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Chen, Liang
Xin, Xiulan
Zhang, Yuning
Li, Shunyao
Zhao, Xiaoman
Li, Song
Xu, Zhaochu
Advances in Biosynthesis of Non-Canonical Amino Acids (ncAAs) and the Methods of ncAAs Incorporation into Proteins
title Advances in Biosynthesis of Non-Canonical Amino Acids (ncAAs) and the Methods of ncAAs Incorporation into Proteins
title_full Advances in Biosynthesis of Non-Canonical Amino Acids (ncAAs) and the Methods of ncAAs Incorporation into Proteins
title_fullStr Advances in Biosynthesis of Non-Canonical Amino Acids (ncAAs) and the Methods of ncAAs Incorporation into Proteins
title_full_unstemmed Advances in Biosynthesis of Non-Canonical Amino Acids (ncAAs) and the Methods of ncAAs Incorporation into Proteins
title_short Advances in Biosynthesis of Non-Canonical Amino Acids (ncAAs) and the Methods of ncAAs Incorporation into Proteins
title_sort advances in biosynthesis of non-canonical amino acids (ncaas) and the methods of ncaas incorporation into proteins
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10534643/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764520
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186745
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