A Practical Primer: Raman Spectroscopy for Monitoring of Photopolymerization Systems

Photopolymerization systems provide compelling advantages for industrial applications due to their fast reaction kinetics, wide selection of monomers for physical property development, and energy-efficient initiation via illumination. These same advantages can present challenges when attempting to monitor these reactions or characterize their resulting polymers; however, Raman spectroscopy can provide the flexibility and resolution needed. In this overview, Raman spectroscopy is compared to common characterization techniques, such as photo-differential scanning calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy, highlighting advantages of Raman spectroscopy. Examples are provided of how Raman spectroscopy has been used to monitor photopolymerizations and to provide insight on the impact of monomer chemistry and processing conditions, as well as paired with other techniques to elucidate physical properties. Finally, practical tips are provided for applying Raman spectroscopy and microscopy in photopolymerization systems.