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Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites

Plasmodium vivax causes the second highest number of malaria morbidity and mortality cases in humans. Several biological traits of this parasite species, including the formation of dormant stages (hypnozoites) that persist inside the liver for prolonged periods of time, present an obstacle for inter...

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Autores principales: Voorberg-van der Wel, Annemarie, Zeeman, Anne-Marie, Kocken, Clemens H. M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10534883/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764878
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091070
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author Voorberg-van der Wel, Annemarie
Zeeman, Anne-Marie
Kocken, Clemens H. M.
author_facet Voorberg-van der Wel, Annemarie
Zeeman, Anne-Marie
Kocken, Clemens H. M.
author_sort Voorberg-van der Wel, Annemarie
collection PubMed
description Plasmodium vivax causes the second highest number of malaria morbidity and mortality cases in humans. Several biological traits of this parasite species, including the formation of dormant stages (hypnozoites) that persist inside the liver for prolonged periods of time, present an obstacle for intervention measures and create a barrier for the elimination of malaria. Research into the biology of hypnozoites requires efficient systems for parasite transmission, liver stage cultivation and genetic modification. However, P. vivax research is hampered by the lack of an in vitro blood stage culture system, rendering it reliant on in vivo-derived, mainly patient, material for transmission and liver stage culture. This has also resulted in limited capability for genetic modification, creating a bottleneck in investigations into the mechanisms underlying the persistence of the parasite inside the liver. This bottleneck can be overcome through optimal use of the closely related and experimentally more amenable nonhuman primate (NHP) parasite, Plasmodium cynomolgi, as a model system. In this review, we discuss the genetic modification tools and liver stage cultivation platforms available for studying P. vivax persistent stages and highlight how their combined use may advance our understanding of hypnozoite biology.
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spelling pubmed-105348832023-09-29 Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites Voorberg-van der Wel, Annemarie Zeeman, Anne-Marie Kocken, Clemens H. M. Pathogens Review Plasmodium vivax causes the second highest number of malaria morbidity and mortality cases in humans. Several biological traits of this parasite species, including the formation of dormant stages (hypnozoites) that persist inside the liver for prolonged periods of time, present an obstacle for intervention measures and create a barrier for the elimination of malaria. Research into the biology of hypnozoites requires efficient systems for parasite transmission, liver stage cultivation and genetic modification. However, P. vivax research is hampered by the lack of an in vitro blood stage culture system, rendering it reliant on in vivo-derived, mainly patient, material for transmission and liver stage culture. This has also resulted in limited capability for genetic modification, creating a bottleneck in investigations into the mechanisms underlying the persistence of the parasite inside the liver. This bottleneck can be overcome through optimal use of the closely related and experimentally more amenable nonhuman primate (NHP) parasite, Plasmodium cynomolgi, as a model system. In this review, we discuss the genetic modification tools and liver stage cultivation platforms available for studying P. vivax persistent stages and highlight how their combined use may advance our understanding of hypnozoite biology. MDPI 2023-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10534883/ /pubmed/37764878 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091070 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Voorberg-van der Wel, Annemarie
Zeeman, Anne-Marie
Kocken, Clemens H. M.
Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites
title Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites
title_full Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites
title_fullStr Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites
title_full_unstemmed Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites
title_short Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites
title_sort transfection models to investigate plasmodium vivax-type dormant liver stage parasites
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10534883/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764878
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091070
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