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Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites
Plasmodium vivax causes the second highest number of malaria morbidity and mortality cases in humans. Several biological traits of this parasite species, including the formation of dormant stages (hypnozoites) that persist inside the liver for prolonged periods of time, present an obstacle for inter...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10534883/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764878 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091070 |
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author | Voorberg-van der Wel, Annemarie Zeeman, Anne-Marie Kocken, Clemens H. M. |
author_facet | Voorberg-van der Wel, Annemarie Zeeman, Anne-Marie Kocken, Clemens H. M. |
author_sort | Voorberg-van der Wel, Annemarie |
collection | PubMed |
description | Plasmodium vivax causes the second highest number of malaria morbidity and mortality cases in humans. Several biological traits of this parasite species, including the formation of dormant stages (hypnozoites) that persist inside the liver for prolonged periods of time, present an obstacle for intervention measures and create a barrier for the elimination of malaria. Research into the biology of hypnozoites requires efficient systems for parasite transmission, liver stage cultivation and genetic modification. However, P. vivax research is hampered by the lack of an in vitro blood stage culture system, rendering it reliant on in vivo-derived, mainly patient, material for transmission and liver stage culture. This has also resulted in limited capability for genetic modification, creating a bottleneck in investigations into the mechanisms underlying the persistence of the parasite inside the liver. This bottleneck can be overcome through optimal use of the closely related and experimentally more amenable nonhuman primate (NHP) parasite, Plasmodium cynomolgi, as a model system. In this review, we discuss the genetic modification tools and liver stage cultivation platforms available for studying P. vivax persistent stages and highlight how their combined use may advance our understanding of hypnozoite biology. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10534883 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105348832023-09-29 Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites Voorberg-van der Wel, Annemarie Zeeman, Anne-Marie Kocken, Clemens H. M. Pathogens Review Plasmodium vivax causes the second highest number of malaria morbidity and mortality cases in humans. Several biological traits of this parasite species, including the formation of dormant stages (hypnozoites) that persist inside the liver for prolonged periods of time, present an obstacle for intervention measures and create a barrier for the elimination of malaria. Research into the biology of hypnozoites requires efficient systems for parasite transmission, liver stage cultivation and genetic modification. However, P. vivax research is hampered by the lack of an in vitro blood stage culture system, rendering it reliant on in vivo-derived, mainly patient, material for transmission and liver stage culture. This has also resulted in limited capability for genetic modification, creating a bottleneck in investigations into the mechanisms underlying the persistence of the parasite inside the liver. This bottleneck can be overcome through optimal use of the closely related and experimentally more amenable nonhuman primate (NHP) parasite, Plasmodium cynomolgi, as a model system. In this review, we discuss the genetic modification tools and liver stage cultivation platforms available for studying P. vivax persistent stages and highlight how their combined use may advance our understanding of hypnozoite biology. MDPI 2023-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10534883/ /pubmed/37764878 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091070 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Voorberg-van der Wel, Annemarie Zeeman, Anne-Marie Kocken, Clemens H. M. Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites |
title | Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites |
title_full | Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites |
title_fullStr | Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites |
title_full_unstemmed | Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites |
title_short | Transfection Models to Investigate Plasmodium vivax-Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites |
title_sort | transfection models to investigate plasmodium vivax-type dormant liver stage parasites |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10534883/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764878 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091070 |
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