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Comparative Safety and Effectiveness of Heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 versus Homologous CoronaVac Vaccination in a Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has outpaced vaccine availability and delivery from vaccine manufacturers, and thus, a scarcity of vaccines happened to many countries around the world. In Thailand, the mixing of different types of vaccines was ap...

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Autores principales: Ruenkham, Ayakarn, Uitrakul, Suriyon, Oberdorfer, Peninnah, Okonogi, Siriporn, Katip, Wasan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10535109/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766134
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091458
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author Ruenkham, Ayakarn
Uitrakul, Suriyon
Oberdorfer, Peninnah
Okonogi, Siriporn
Katip, Wasan
author_facet Ruenkham, Ayakarn
Uitrakul, Suriyon
Oberdorfer, Peninnah
Okonogi, Siriporn
Katip, Wasan
author_sort Ruenkham, Ayakarn
collection PubMed
description Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has outpaced vaccine availability and delivery from vaccine manufacturers, and thus, a scarcity of vaccines happened to many countries around the world. In Thailand, the mixing of different types of vaccines was approved and clinically implemented partially due to concerns about the availability and efficacy of one vaccine. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines compared with the usual regimen of homologous CoronaVac–CoronaVac. A retrospective cohort study was conducted by dividing patients into the CoronaVac–CoronaVac group and the CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 group. Results: A total of 875 patients received vaccinations at Srisangwan Hospital between April to October 2021 and were included for analysis. The patients in both homologous and heterologous groups had low rates of COVID-19 infection. In addition, the hospitalization rates in the 40 days after the second vaccination were low in both regimens. Minimal adverse events (AE) were reported in both groups, including local AE (e.g., discomfort at the injection site, rash, soreness, swelling, and redness) and systemic AE (e.g., fever, headache, weariness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and myalgia). Moreover, several factors were associated with lower adverse events following immunization (AEFIs), including age ≥ 50 years, male, and body weight ≥ 50 kg. In contrast, thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus, allergic rhinitis, and psychiatric disorders were independent risk factors associated with an increase in AEFIs. Conclusions: The heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 and homologous CoronaVac–CoronaVac regimens were promising vaccination strategies for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 potentially caused fewer AEFIs compared with the homologous CoronaVac–CoronaVac regimen.
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spelling pubmed-105351092023-09-29 Comparative Safety and Effectiveness of Heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 versus Homologous CoronaVac Vaccination in a Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study Ruenkham, Ayakarn Uitrakul, Suriyon Oberdorfer, Peninnah Okonogi, Siriporn Katip, Wasan Vaccines (Basel) Article Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has outpaced vaccine availability and delivery from vaccine manufacturers, and thus, a scarcity of vaccines happened to many countries around the world. In Thailand, the mixing of different types of vaccines was approved and clinically implemented partially due to concerns about the availability and efficacy of one vaccine. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines compared with the usual regimen of homologous CoronaVac–CoronaVac. A retrospective cohort study was conducted by dividing patients into the CoronaVac–CoronaVac group and the CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 group. Results: A total of 875 patients received vaccinations at Srisangwan Hospital between April to October 2021 and were included for analysis. The patients in both homologous and heterologous groups had low rates of COVID-19 infection. In addition, the hospitalization rates in the 40 days after the second vaccination were low in both regimens. Minimal adverse events (AE) were reported in both groups, including local AE (e.g., discomfort at the injection site, rash, soreness, swelling, and redness) and systemic AE (e.g., fever, headache, weariness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and myalgia). Moreover, several factors were associated with lower adverse events following immunization (AEFIs), including age ≥ 50 years, male, and body weight ≥ 50 kg. In contrast, thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus, allergic rhinitis, and psychiatric disorders were independent risk factors associated with an increase in AEFIs. Conclusions: The heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 and homologous CoronaVac–CoronaVac regimens were promising vaccination strategies for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 potentially caused fewer AEFIs compared with the homologous CoronaVac–CoronaVac regimen. MDPI 2023-09-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10535109/ /pubmed/37766134 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091458 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ruenkham, Ayakarn
Uitrakul, Suriyon
Oberdorfer, Peninnah
Okonogi, Siriporn
Katip, Wasan
Comparative Safety and Effectiveness of Heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 versus Homologous CoronaVac Vaccination in a Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title Comparative Safety and Effectiveness of Heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 versus Homologous CoronaVac Vaccination in a Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full Comparative Safety and Effectiveness of Heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 versus Homologous CoronaVac Vaccination in a Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_fullStr Comparative Safety and Effectiveness of Heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 versus Homologous CoronaVac Vaccination in a Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed Comparative Safety and Effectiveness of Heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 versus Homologous CoronaVac Vaccination in a Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_short Comparative Safety and Effectiveness of Heterologous CoronaVac–ChAdOx1 versus Homologous CoronaVac Vaccination in a Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_sort comparative safety and effectiveness of heterologous coronavac–chadox1 versus homologous coronavac vaccination in a real-world setting: a retrospective cohort study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10535109/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766134
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091458
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