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Concealed for a Long Time on the Marches of Empires: Hepatitis B Virus Genotype I

Genotype I, the penultimate HBV genotype to date, was granted the status of a bona fide genotype only in the XXIst century after some hesitations. The reason for these hesitations was that genotype I is a complex recombinant virus formed with segments from three original genotypes, A, C, and G. It w...

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Autores principales: Marchio, Agnès, Sitbounlang, Philavanh, Deharo, Eric, Paboriboune, Phimpha, Pineau, Pascal
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10535388/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764048
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092204
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author Marchio, Agnès
Sitbounlang, Philavanh
Deharo, Eric
Paboriboune, Phimpha
Pineau, Pascal
author_facet Marchio, Agnès
Sitbounlang, Philavanh
Deharo, Eric
Paboriboune, Phimpha
Pineau, Pascal
author_sort Marchio, Agnès
collection PubMed
description Genotype I, the penultimate HBV genotype to date, was granted the status of a bona fide genotype only in the XXIst century after some hesitations. The reason for these hesitations was that genotype I is a complex recombinant virus formed with segments from three original genotypes, A, C, and G. It was estimated that genotype I is responsible for only an infinitesimal fraction (<1.0%) of the chronic HBV infection burden worldwide. Furthermore, most probably due to its recent discovery and rarity, the natural history of infection with genotype I is poorly known in comparison with those of genotypes B or C that predominate in their area of circulation. Overall, genotype I is a minor genotype infecting ethnic minorities. It is endemic to the Southeast Asian Massif or Eastern Zomia, a vast mountainous or hilly region of 2.5 million km(2) spreading from Eastern India to China, inhabited by a little more than 100 million persons belonging primarily to ethnic minorities speaking various types of languages (Tibeto-Burman, Austroasiatic, and Tai-Kadai) who managed to escape the authority of central states during historical times. Genotype I consists of two subtypes: I1, present in China, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam; and I2, encountered in India, Laos, and Vietnam.
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spelling pubmed-105353882023-09-29 Concealed for a Long Time on the Marches of Empires: Hepatitis B Virus Genotype I Marchio, Agnès Sitbounlang, Philavanh Deharo, Eric Paboriboune, Phimpha Pineau, Pascal Microorganisms Review Genotype I, the penultimate HBV genotype to date, was granted the status of a bona fide genotype only in the XXIst century after some hesitations. The reason for these hesitations was that genotype I is a complex recombinant virus formed with segments from three original genotypes, A, C, and G. It was estimated that genotype I is responsible for only an infinitesimal fraction (<1.0%) of the chronic HBV infection burden worldwide. Furthermore, most probably due to its recent discovery and rarity, the natural history of infection with genotype I is poorly known in comparison with those of genotypes B or C that predominate in their area of circulation. Overall, genotype I is a minor genotype infecting ethnic minorities. It is endemic to the Southeast Asian Massif or Eastern Zomia, a vast mountainous or hilly region of 2.5 million km(2) spreading from Eastern India to China, inhabited by a little more than 100 million persons belonging primarily to ethnic minorities speaking various types of languages (Tibeto-Burman, Austroasiatic, and Tai-Kadai) who managed to escape the authority of central states during historical times. Genotype I consists of two subtypes: I1, present in China, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam; and I2, encountered in India, Laos, and Vietnam. MDPI 2023-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10535388/ /pubmed/37764048 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092204 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Marchio, Agnès
Sitbounlang, Philavanh
Deharo, Eric
Paboriboune, Phimpha
Pineau, Pascal
Concealed for a Long Time on the Marches of Empires: Hepatitis B Virus Genotype I
title Concealed for a Long Time on the Marches of Empires: Hepatitis B Virus Genotype I
title_full Concealed for a Long Time on the Marches of Empires: Hepatitis B Virus Genotype I
title_fullStr Concealed for a Long Time on the Marches of Empires: Hepatitis B Virus Genotype I
title_full_unstemmed Concealed for a Long Time on the Marches of Empires: Hepatitis B Virus Genotype I
title_short Concealed for a Long Time on the Marches of Empires: Hepatitis B Virus Genotype I
title_sort concealed for a long time on the marches of empires: hepatitis b virus genotype i
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10535388/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764048
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092204
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