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Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression in Penile Cancer: Preliminary Studies

Background and Objectives: Penile cancer is a rare neoplasm in developed countries with an incidence of 0.8/100,000 per male inhabitant. Despite the development of personalized medicine and multimodal treatment, the outcome of penile cancer treatment is insufficient. Our study aimed to assess the le...

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Autores principales: Czajkowski, Mateusz, Wierzbicki, Piotr M., Kotulak-Chrząszcz, Anna, Małkiewicz, Bartosz, Sosnowski, Roman, Kmieć, Zbigniew, Matuszewski, Marcin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10535686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37763742
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59091623
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author Czajkowski, Mateusz
Wierzbicki, Piotr M.
Kotulak-Chrząszcz, Anna
Małkiewicz, Bartosz
Sosnowski, Roman
Kmieć, Zbigniew
Matuszewski, Marcin
author_facet Czajkowski, Mateusz
Wierzbicki, Piotr M.
Kotulak-Chrząszcz, Anna
Małkiewicz, Bartosz
Sosnowski, Roman
Kmieć, Zbigniew
Matuszewski, Marcin
author_sort Czajkowski, Mateusz
collection PubMed
description Background and Objectives: Penile cancer is a rare neoplasm in developed countries with an incidence of 0.8/100,000 per male inhabitant. Despite the development of personalized medicine and multimodal treatment, the outcome of penile cancer treatment is insufficient. Our study aimed to assess the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines’ mRNA such as interleukin 1-A (encoded by IL1A gene, alias IL-1A), interleukin 1-B (IL1B, IL-1B), interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN, IL-1RN), interleukin 6 (IL6, IL-6), transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1, TGFβ-1), and Interferon-gamma (INFG, INF-γ) in penile cancer tissue and associate them with tumor progression and patient survival. Material and Methods: Skin biopsies from patients suffering from penile cancer (n = 6) and unchanged foreskin from 13 healthy adult males undergoing circumcision due to a short frenulum were obtained. Pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels were quantified through qPCR. Results: We observed higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-6, INF-γ, TGF-β) in penile cancer tissue. The average follow-up period was 48 months (range: 38–54 months), during which only one penile tumor progression was observed However, this was without association with the nature of tumor (patient refused radical treatment). Conclusions: This is the first study to show increased expression of cytokines such as IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-6, INF-γ, and TGF-β in penile cancer with positive correlation between TNM staging and INF-γ levels in tumor samples (rs = 0.672, p = 0.045), which may be associated with the immunosuppressive role of the tumor environment.
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spelling pubmed-105356862023-09-29 Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression in Penile Cancer: Preliminary Studies Czajkowski, Mateusz Wierzbicki, Piotr M. Kotulak-Chrząszcz, Anna Małkiewicz, Bartosz Sosnowski, Roman Kmieć, Zbigniew Matuszewski, Marcin Medicina (Kaunas) Brief Report Background and Objectives: Penile cancer is a rare neoplasm in developed countries with an incidence of 0.8/100,000 per male inhabitant. Despite the development of personalized medicine and multimodal treatment, the outcome of penile cancer treatment is insufficient. Our study aimed to assess the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines’ mRNA such as interleukin 1-A (encoded by IL1A gene, alias IL-1A), interleukin 1-B (IL1B, IL-1B), interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN, IL-1RN), interleukin 6 (IL6, IL-6), transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1, TGFβ-1), and Interferon-gamma (INFG, INF-γ) in penile cancer tissue and associate them with tumor progression and patient survival. Material and Methods: Skin biopsies from patients suffering from penile cancer (n = 6) and unchanged foreskin from 13 healthy adult males undergoing circumcision due to a short frenulum were obtained. Pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels were quantified through qPCR. Results: We observed higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-6, INF-γ, TGF-β) in penile cancer tissue. The average follow-up period was 48 months (range: 38–54 months), during which only one penile tumor progression was observed However, this was without association with the nature of tumor (patient refused radical treatment). Conclusions: This is the first study to show increased expression of cytokines such as IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-6, INF-γ, and TGF-β in penile cancer with positive correlation between TNM staging and INF-γ levels in tumor samples (rs = 0.672, p = 0.045), which may be associated with the immunosuppressive role of the tumor environment. MDPI 2023-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10535686/ /pubmed/37763742 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59091623 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Brief Report
Czajkowski, Mateusz
Wierzbicki, Piotr M.
Kotulak-Chrząszcz, Anna
Małkiewicz, Bartosz
Sosnowski, Roman
Kmieć, Zbigniew
Matuszewski, Marcin
Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression in Penile Cancer: Preliminary Studies
title Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression in Penile Cancer: Preliminary Studies
title_full Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression in Penile Cancer: Preliminary Studies
title_fullStr Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression in Penile Cancer: Preliminary Studies
title_full_unstemmed Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression in Penile Cancer: Preliminary Studies
title_short Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression in Penile Cancer: Preliminary Studies
title_sort pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in penile cancer: preliminary studies
topic Brief Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10535686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37763742
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59091623
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