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Low-Cost ZnO Spray-Coated Optical Fiber Sensor for Detecting VOC Biomarkers of Diabetes

A non-invasive optical fiber sensor for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as biomarkers of diabetes is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. It offers a low-cost and straightforward fabrication approach by implementing a one-step spray coating of a ZnO colloidal solution on a glass opt...

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Autores principales: Swargiary, Kankan, Jitpratak, Pannathorn, Pathak, Akhilesh Kumar, Viphavakit, Charusluk
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10536205/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37765971
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23187916
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author Swargiary, Kankan
Jitpratak, Pannathorn
Pathak, Akhilesh Kumar
Viphavakit, Charusluk
author_facet Swargiary, Kankan
Jitpratak, Pannathorn
Pathak, Akhilesh Kumar
Viphavakit, Charusluk
author_sort Swargiary, Kankan
collection PubMed
description A non-invasive optical fiber sensor for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as biomarkers of diabetes is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. It offers a low-cost and straightforward fabrication approach by implementing a one-step spray coating of a ZnO colloidal solution on a glass optical fiber. The structure of the optical fiber sensor is based on a single-mode fiber–coreless silica fiber–single-mode fiber (SMF-CSF-SMF) structure, where the CSF is the sensor region spliced between two SMFs. The ZnO layer of a higher refractive index coated over the sensing region improves the light interaction with the surrounding medium, leading to sensitivity enhancement. The optical properties, morphology, and elemental composition of the ZnO layer were analyzed. The sensing mechanism of the developed sensor is based on a wavelength interrogation technique showing wavelength shifts when the sensor is exposed to various VOC vapor concentration levels. Various concentrations of the three VOCs (including acetone, isopropanol, and ethanol) ranging from 20% to 100% were tested and analyzed. The sensor noticeably shows a significant response towards acetone vapor, with a better sensitivity of 0.162 nm/% vapor than for isopropanol (0.082 nm/% vapor) and ethanol (0.075 nm/% vapor) vapors. The high sensitivity and selectivity towards acetone, a common biomarker for diabetes, offers the potential for further development of this sensor as a smart healthcare system for monitoring diabetic conditions.
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spelling pubmed-105362052023-09-29 Low-Cost ZnO Spray-Coated Optical Fiber Sensor for Detecting VOC Biomarkers of Diabetes Swargiary, Kankan Jitpratak, Pannathorn Pathak, Akhilesh Kumar Viphavakit, Charusluk Sensors (Basel) Article A non-invasive optical fiber sensor for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as biomarkers of diabetes is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. It offers a low-cost and straightforward fabrication approach by implementing a one-step spray coating of a ZnO colloidal solution on a glass optical fiber. The structure of the optical fiber sensor is based on a single-mode fiber–coreless silica fiber–single-mode fiber (SMF-CSF-SMF) structure, where the CSF is the sensor region spliced between two SMFs. The ZnO layer of a higher refractive index coated over the sensing region improves the light interaction with the surrounding medium, leading to sensitivity enhancement. The optical properties, morphology, and elemental composition of the ZnO layer were analyzed. The sensing mechanism of the developed sensor is based on a wavelength interrogation technique showing wavelength shifts when the sensor is exposed to various VOC vapor concentration levels. Various concentrations of the three VOCs (including acetone, isopropanol, and ethanol) ranging from 20% to 100% were tested and analyzed. The sensor noticeably shows a significant response towards acetone vapor, with a better sensitivity of 0.162 nm/% vapor than for isopropanol (0.082 nm/% vapor) and ethanol (0.075 nm/% vapor) vapors. The high sensitivity and selectivity towards acetone, a common biomarker for diabetes, offers the potential for further development of this sensor as a smart healthcare system for monitoring diabetic conditions. MDPI 2023-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10536205/ /pubmed/37765971 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23187916 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Swargiary, Kankan
Jitpratak, Pannathorn
Pathak, Akhilesh Kumar
Viphavakit, Charusluk
Low-Cost ZnO Spray-Coated Optical Fiber Sensor for Detecting VOC Biomarkers of Diabetes
title Low-Cost ZnO Spray-Coated Optical Fiber Sensor for Detecting VOC Biomarkers of Diabetes
title_full Low-Cost ZnO Spray-Coated Optical Fiber Sensor for Detecting VOC Biomarkers of Diabetes
title_fullStr Low-Cost ZnO Spray-Coated Optical Fiber Sensor for Detecting VOC Biomarkers of Diabetes
title_full_unstemmed Low-Cost ZnO Spray-Coated Optical Fiber Sensor for Detecting VOC Biomarkers of Diabetes
title_short Low-Cost ZnO Spray-Coated Optical Fiber Sensor for Detecting VOC Biomarkers of Diabetes
title_sort low-cost zno spray-coated optical fiber sensor for detecting voc biomarkers of diabetes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10536205/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37765971
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23187916
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